I think it's well-established that Martin Van Buren was the first president who was born in the United States, but who was the first president whose parents were both born in the United States?

And the Mujeres Libres movement? So far I've found Free Women of Spain by Martha Acklesberg (after looking through the Spanish civil war AMA from 8 months ago).

I was reading Barbara Tuchman's The Zimmermann Telegram and she mentions that towards the end of the war, 1917 on, the British were borrowing enormous sums of money from the United States--so that they could afford to buy American munitions.

By this point, Germany was just as exhausted as the British. Maybe moreso. Without friendly former colonies to draw on, how was Germany paying for anything? Were they just self-sufficient enough to produce what they needed internally? I know that the United States frequently relies on war bonds and the like, but by 1917, surely there wasn't much blood left to be drawn from the German stone.

Can someone give me a brief idea of how homosexuality was perceived in civilisations that existed before the western religions developed such as Christianity and Islam etc... Some examples would be Ancient Egypt; Ancient Greece, Asia etc...

Can someone tell me more about the Duchess of Richmond ball 1815 and why it's important historically?

How far back in time can I go while still being able to understand a person and (mostly) be understood?

In case I got the name wrong, I'm talking about the battle where Alexander took his horsemen and went far right on top of a ridge, the Persians followed causing a gap in the Persian line, which Alexander exploited by ordering peltasts hidden behind the ridge to pin down the Persian cavalry making his free to charge the gap. However I don't understand why he ordered his infantry placed at an angle. Didn't that just expose Parmenion's right flank to the Persians?

The Battle of France ended on 25-07-40 and operation Barbarossa began a year later

Did it ever produce confirming results? Its my understanding it was studied at top tier scientific communities including Amherst College. I know hindsight is 20/20 but I thought the scientific study was fairly rigorous by this point and required evidence and peer review. So were there well received experiments that seemed to validate it?

Hi reddit, long time lurker. My 15 year old sister chose modern history (mostly 20th century) as a subject next year and while she says that history interests her, she doesn't seem too passionate about it. Any recommendations on books that might spark her interest?

Thanks so much in advance. She just needs that initial push and I know she'll kill the subject.

I read once that during WW1 the US was actually less concerned about the causalities its units sustained than Britain or Germany. Is this true and what were the views of the other allies in sustaining casualties?

This actually, of all things, a question based in the books series A Song of Ice and Fire. There's a character named Craster who lives in an analog of Northumberland/Southern Scotland in those time periods and he is described as drinking a "thin yellow beer" which I can't identify. I'm curious if this description would line up with any real kind of beer making from these time periods in these areas. It's a tough question for a bunch of my fellow fiction nerds to answer as we're knowledgeable on mostly made up things, was hoping this community would have a better shot at answering this.

What was the thought among the German leadership and the allied leadership?

Bonus: At what point in history did the Nazis and Hitler go from a menace in central Europe to the figure of evil that we think of them today?

The idea of the republic, or of representative democracy, is obviously heavily linked to ancient Athens and Rome, which were both in Europe. Yet these states affected the culture of the middle east and north Africa as well as Europe. Before the age of exploration, colonization, and globalization 1.0, were there any examples of republics outside of Europe? Are there any examples of large scale, organized, representative systems in the world which were unrelated to the classical European republican traditions? For instance, were there any small civilizations in India, or south east Asia in which there was a similar concept to citizenship, and citizens played a large role in choosing and directing their government?

In some fiction the are samurai or ninja in the south west United states and in the show Blackflag one of Flints pirate crew carries a katana and speaks Japanese.