How did the Japanese view the Mongol conquest of East Asia?

Were they aware of what was going on across the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea? Assuming they were, are there any primary source documents regarding this? I'd also love to see any academic articles or books on the subject.

My area of interests and knowledge base in history typically focus on Europe/America from the French Revolution to the Second World War, but I've recently become interested in the history of the Mongols (absolutely fascinating stuff) and I was curious to see what records existed regarding their conquests from "foreign" sources (meaning those states/regions/empires/political units that were watching the conquests occurring, and potentially in the crosshairs so to speak).

Thanks!

4 Answers 2015-03-30

Russia during the Keivan Rus period

So I read a book about Russian history, it mentioned that, before the destruction of the Kievan Rus, "Russia" was quite liberal and "democratic".That Novogorod and Pskvo carried this tradition before being swallowed up by Muscovy. Can anyone give more details to this?

4 Answers 2015-03-30

Much has been said about the tolerance of the Ottoman empire. At different points in time was the empire as tolerant of different ethnicity as modern countries? How did it honestly compare to its contemporaries?

I am having a hard time getting the picture of the Ottoman empire straight in my head. It appears that they were very tolerant of religion compared to their European neighbors but that same policy, if enacted today, would not be seen as liberal or enlightened. Was their treatment of religious minorities, or different ethnic groups all THAT different or was it just better than the worst fo the worst at the time?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Are there historical records or other statistics showing the breakdown of Holocaust victims by ethnic group?

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Did the Roman legions stop making fortified marching camps , and if so how did it affect discipline in the legions?

I read in Jack Whytes novel "The Skystone" that the legions were no longer required to make a marching camp around 400AD, though I cannot find anything on the subject myself.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Is there a reason that multiple religions seemed to have coexisted better in Asian than in other parts of the world?

Shinto, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, etc. Maybe its just ignorance on my part, but from what I've read of Asia (China, Japan, Korea, etc) I haven't heard of bloody wars and brutal repression over religion as you've seen in other areas. Is there any specific reason why this might be the case?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Did Karl Marx have a significant impact on trade unions and their accomplishments?

I came to wonder this when some poster basically said that we have Karl Marx to thank for things like better working conditions and the 40 hour work week. I've never heard of Karl Marx in such a role but I've never really studied the matter in-depth.

Is there any truth to such a statement? Did Marx himself or his theories have a significant impact on the development of unions, their tactics/strategy and/or their successes, if so, how significant? I'm especially interested in Germany and Sweden if you have to narrow it down.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

How were titles of nobility bought and sold in medieval Europe?

According to Wikipedia, Mary of Antioch sold her claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem to Charles of Anjou in 1277. Were sales of such titles common in the Middle Ages? If so, who would buy them - in this case, it was another ruling noble, but would a younger son or a wealthy non-nobles ever purchase a title for himself?

And finally, what authorities if any would regulate such a sale?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Are there any instances where the suppression of a population resulted in the societal bubble bursting resulting in significant progress being made quickly?

This sub is a treasure trove of information and I want to know more!

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Why did Nazi Germany never build any large bombers, similar to the lancasters and b29s the british and americans had, during the war?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

"Between the Americans’ victory in 1783 and Irish independence in 1922, not one country was able to eject the [British] Empire." Is this true? How does this record compare to other Europeans'?

I was reading an article on a military blog about the current Houthi/Saudi situation, and the author includes this paragraph:

As long as they stick together under a strong Imam, they’re hard to beat. But after the Turks left in the mid-17th century, the Yemenis faced a much smarter empire: the British. Very few countries held off that Empire for long. Between the Americans’ victory in 1783 and Irish independence in 1922, not one country was able to eject the Empire. Tens of millions died trying — brave, brilliant empires like the Sikhs and the Zulus; no one succeeded. We forget that now, because . . . well, you know that amnesia flash device from Men in Black? It was actually the British Empire that invented that thing, and asked the world to smile and say cheese when it decided to dissolve itself around 1960.

The writer I've found to be generally accurate in the broad strokes, but often simplistic without any sense of subtlety, and I know very little about military history. Did the British Empire really have this strong an military record? Obviously, no contemporary land-based contiguous empire (Russia, Austro-Hungary, China, the Ottomans) could compete with that record, but were the British significantly more dominant against non-Europeans than other late colonial powers? I'm failure sure the British overseas records was decisively better than that of the Italians (who had a notorious difficulty trying to establish their "place in the sun"), the Spanish (who lost most of their American colonies to creole independence movements 1808-1830), and the Japanese (who were de facto defeated by Matthew Perry's Black Ships before launching a successful period of colonial expansion), but what about the French, Dutch, Portuguese, and eventually the Germans?

7 Answers 2015-03-30

Why has equivalency in tons of TnT become the standard way to describe the power of an explosion?

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Is something like grave of fireflies happened often in Japan after the war

Sorry for my English, I am going to show the movie to my two daughters, that's the question pop up when I was preparing answers for the questions in case they have any.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Is there any primary sources for Hellenistic history ?

1 Answers 2015-03-30

I once heard that to get into the schools of Ancient Greek philosophers you had to perform sexual favours. Is there any truth to this?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Did the Atom Bomb Significantly Contribute to Japan's Surrender, or was is all the Russians work?

I'm arguing with a professor at the moment, and he says that the A bomb's were completely unnecessary and did not move the Japanese to surrender at all, and that it was all the Russians invasion that prompted them.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Beds! 1600s-1700s beds. How were they made and what were they made of?

I'd like to know about what kind of materials and processes were used to make 1600s- early 1700s ( before the industrial revolution) bed mattresses. What would it feel like if you laid down on one of these beds today?

Specifically, for the wealthy. Since I already have a pretty good idea that the poor probably still slept on straw.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

What is the oldest indigenous European folk lore we still have access to?

I'm no historian, but I'm curious how far back we have written or oral story or religious traditions for cultures that could be considered indigenous to Europe (esp. Western Europe/UK)

Hopefully this is appropriate here.

Edit: This is all amazing, thank you so much!

5 Answers 2015-03-30

At the time The Book of Mormon was written did people (by which I mean “scholars & scientists”) know enough about Pre-Colombian history/archaeological for its claims (setting aside the blatantly supernatural stuff) to seem as ludicrous as they do today?

3 Answers 2015-03-30

I have heard that the Ruric dynasty of Kievan Rus were vikings, how true is that?

Also, did early Russian states had any other contact with Scandinavians? And what are the other theories concerning the origins of the Ruric dynasty?

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Can someone explain the post-WW2 inflation ?

Please.

2 Answers 2015-03-30

Would a Viking/Norse man who died of old age, yet was victorious in many battles, still enter Valhalla?

I have read before that only those who die on the battlefield would enter Valhalla, but this seems almost unfair to soldiers and warriors who were good enough to never be defeated. Is this just a myth to make the Vikings seem more fearless? As surely an unblemished combat record would allow you into the hall of warriors?

4 Answers 2015-03-30

Why didn't the founding fathers of America promote racial equality?

After learning a bit about American history and studying the declaration of independence I'm amazed at the genius and nobility of the early American leaders. However I'm taken back at the fact that it took America another 200 years before the civil rights movement kicked in and racial equality became a fundamental legal premise of the nation. How is it that the great leaders of early America did not recognize the self evident truth that just because two people have different skin tones, one man doesn't qualify as being superior to the other by the color of his skin? Personally I'm not convinced by the argument that simply because of the time they lived in, all of a sudden it's okay for them to have ignored/rejected such a fundamental principle of human dignity i.e cultural relativism

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Why does History say neck-lynching originated in 1985 when it was used a year earlier in a similar event?

The event being the revenge mob killings after the assassination of Indra on Sihk peoples in 1984. There is clear evidence that neck lynching was used on Sihk men in this BBC documentary (time marked for you).

1 Answers 2015-03-30

Why did China move to simplified characters instead of the traditional ones?

Was there any benefit for doing this? I've never heard of any similar instances.

1 Answers 2015-03-30

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