After the conquest of Gaul, how did the Roman Government maintain control of the area during the civil wars and period of time after the assassination of Caesar? One would think that the tribal leaders would have taken that opportunity to again rise against the Romans while they were distracted with their own internal power struggles.

I know that GB unilaterally decided to end the trans-atlantic slave trade, and prevent future expansion into South America (the USA also forbade such expansion but lacked the capacity to enforce it) going so far as to patrol the coast of West Africa. But I never heard about why except as a moral decision. So, what if any were the motivations besides ethical?

In the A song of ice and fire/ A game of Thrones books bastards Have special surnames like "rivers", "snow" and "stone" instead there Fathers names. Is there any evidence for this in England/Europe? and what where the special names?

When I think of modern(1800’s) slavery, I think of racism being a large part. However, when I think of ancient(Roman times) slavery, I think of it being more just an econmic relationship. Some guy got captured in war, so he became a slave; no racism involved. Is this correct? If so, what caused the change? If not, what are some examples?

I know that the current border of Slovakia and Poland goes back to the border between Hungary and Galicia, and that many languages we like to think of having distinct boundaries are actually dialect continua. So, I'm wondering if there has historically been a difference on both sides of the Beskids, or if the boundaries have just arisen out of political necessity.

I'm mainly interested since my grandmother's family comes from the Beskids, near Kraków, and I have several ancestors from both sides of the Slovak-Polish (Hungarian-Galician) border.

Hey, historians!

I apologize if /r/askhistorians is the wrong place to ask this question, if so, feel free to mercilessly delete this posts, mods.

If not, I am looking for annotated editions of Clausewitz's "On War" and Sun Tzu's "The Art of War". I read both books in officer's school, but cannot help that I am missing way too much, because I am lacking the proper background knowledge. With the wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the War on Terror in general, I have to believe that there have been important new insights and interpretations.

Can you recommend something? I'd be ever so grateful.

Edits: Orthography.

Whilst studying the Julio-Claudian period I noticed that there seemed to be a lot of reference from my teacher and the text book to Germanicus being a great military leader. I believe Tacitus states that 'he would have equalled Alexander the Great'. I don't quite understand why Germanicus seemed to be held in such high regard, because the only reference to any of his military exploits I could find were to a kind of 'meh' Campaign against the Cherusci in order to find the remains of the three legions killed at Teutoberg. Certainly nothing Alexander the Great level, in terms of impact and military prowess. Were there some other campaigns that Germanicus was involved in that gave him this reputation? Or was his reputation a result of propaganda?

It seems like this tendency has been existent in many cultures around the world, from before internationalisation/globalisation took place. When/How/Why did it become to prevalent?

I know it's a hell of a place, specially to settled down there with the technology of the XIX, and early XX century, but was something else besides the climate? I'm thinking in Greenland at least having docks in the route of the North Atlantic between Norway and Canada.

Hello, my friend was telling me about a record he found. He looked it up and found it was apparently only released by a record label, labeled as a tax scam label.

What is a tax scam label? Why did they pop up? Why were they created? What happened to them? Were they known about back at the time?

Thank you.

I read the biography of Henry Morgan (Empire of Blue Water) and learned what a psychotic opportunist he was. I've heard that after his era piracy changed. How so? Did pirates hold to different rules over time and location?

What was the best propaganda movies the nazis had done? Why are they considered the best ones and where can I watch them for free?

I've heard that the corruption in land acquisition and constructing railroads (especially after Kansas-Nebraska act and during the guilded age) was rampant, but the corruption when the interstate system was being built isn't as widely discussed or argued about. It's almost like there wasn't that much corruption during the interstate construction?

How did corruption in land acquisition and construction differ for these two projects differ?

Or any other weapons of mass destruction? If so, did the allies have a common plan or did the soviets and western forces have different ideas?