Just watched Tombstone for the fiftieth time and I was always curious about the claim in the introduction that the Cowboys gang was the "earliest example of organized crime in America". Is it true?

This has most certainly been asked before, but I couldn't seem to find anything. I know they were separated by 1000 years, but were they the ancestors to the Mongols, an entirely different culture, or do we even know for sure since they were bad at keeping written records?

I spent a little time looking on google for the answer to this question and I ran into a million competing views. I've come to the conclusion that Aryans probably didn't look like white people as we know today. Did they look Indian? Did they look like something in-between? Thanks a lot for any help.

I'm curious as to when settlers first started to use the month-first format, as opposed to going from short duration to large in order (a Matryoshka set type of order).

I've been trying to find some Greek innovations from the 19th century for a project. So far I have only found 3 innovations from the 19th century and I'm struggling to find a fourth one specifically from the 19th century. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

They were quite the regional military power for some time, controlling big chunks of the region that is modern-day Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.

Carvings in the historic temples depict soldiers with spears, bows etc, and the use of war elephants and river boats.

But my question is how did they make their army? Were they a standing force, or just peasants called up in times of war? Was there a system for providing training and equipment?

And what kind of command structure was there?

How did he supply his troops through the desert? It seems like an impossible task.

I apologize if this is the the wrong subreddit for this question. Thanks!

I've been attempting to find an answer for this on my own but I've yet to come to a definitive conclusion. If I had to guess I'd say Vietnam-era jungle paratroopers used them, but please correct me if I'm wrong.

I see so much polarization between political parties of today. Republicans and democrats just don't like each other. Less and less compromise takes place in congress and all we end up with is partisanship. States have various movements to split in half (for example, California splitting north and south, Washington splitting east and west) as whether or not you are republican or democratic seems to be more related to where you live, not who you are. Are there any parallels you can draw from what led up to the civil war? Are we heading that way again? And if so, what should I look out for?

How did Roman view of their government shift over time?

Hengist and Horsa are well known names, the two Jutish kings who were invited into Britain by King Vortigern.

But what was their surname, and what was the surname of Hengist's daughter Rowena (if she did exist)?

I considered Vetta, because it was apparently Hengist and Horsa's grandfather's surname, but I'm not too knowledgeable on Saxon/Jute naming conventions.

I know Hezbollah are Shia, Hamas are Sunni. The Israel supported Maronite Christians militias. But where are the PLO gone and who are Fatah?

Also Syria used to do shady stuff in Lebanon and they took the place over.

Also their seems to be a lot of socialist groupings that are irrelevant these days?

I imagine that glass is harder to fabricate than metal or clay, so when did we start using it, and why? Was it marketed as more upmarket?

Lets say during the Medieval Europe period or perhaps during the Islamic Golden Age, how did people who come to another country/kingdom exchange their currency because I've heard that some country requires people to use their own currency. Is there any money changer with a rate back then?