I hear about problems remote northern regions face where young people are trying to quickly get out of dodge and move to warmer climates. How did areas like northern Canada, Norway, or Russia ever get populated? I know there was money to be made with trading and mineral resources but life must have been very challenging, more acutely before modern high-tech winter gear. Especially for areas in North America, why would a colonist skip over Virginia or sunny California and move far north?

I know that during the daylight bombing campaign during WWII, American formations could be upwards of 1000 bombers. But you never hear anything about the fighter escorts. How many fighters would be escorting those 1000 bombers?

Were they shunned? Were they integrated into society? Where they pardoned by the church? etc...

What / Where was the first public jail that wasn't some kings personal dungeon? And how did the modern idea of a police force that serves the public come about? (they weren't personal guards or soldiers anymore.)

Great powers of 19th and 20th centuries had lots of middle east and Asia under their control, so why they couldn't establish protectorate in Iran? Thanks.

I've come across several references to 'gentlemen's clubs' recently; such as someone keeping a room at his club, staying at his club, or even living there. How did this all work? Was it basically a hotel that you had to be a member of? How much would all this have cost? Was it 'exclusive', as in a club member had to be invited rather than applying?

My lady friend in the UK tried to explain it to me but it went over my head so I figured i'd ask here.

If this somehow breaks the rules, please let me know and i'd be happy to fix it and repost it.

For instance, a regiment of infantry might contain 1000 or more men, a division might contain up to 10,000 so on. How would rank regiments or divisions be organized? How many tanks comprised a "squad"? Or a platoon or company if those divisions existed in tank regiments?

Also, what sort of manpower could you expect to find in an armoured unit compare to an infantry unit?

Last question, how did the organization of armoured units compare between the combatants of WWII?

I have been researching for the past day in two textbooks about the Yuan Dynasty for an essay in my Mandarin class and I've noticed something odd, but not surprising. (Of course, my research could have been too shallow) Khubilai did not seem to bring anything to the table in terms of advancement in any field (agriculture, government, culture, warfare, medicine) for the Yuan Dynasty. I am not too surprised by this because as a foreign invader, the Mongols probably wanted to control China for it's land, not to make some sort of advancement.

EDIT TO THE QUESTION: Long-term improvements

I am trying to find a list that I read about and loved in a history class that dealt with the 1600's- just after the revolution. The list was written by a french man living in America I think, and was a list of traits or characteristics of Americans. I'm pretty sure the list was in the smithsonian or something. Can anyone help me?

Basically, when/how did marriage originate? Thank you.

I know, for instance, that the family split into a senior and junior branch, but how close was the family, itself, with all of its branches? Did rivaling branches of the family ever go to war?

Who are the people who wrote these? Over what time span were these written? I know from documentaries etc that the historical existence of David is not confirmed - how come so many are attributed to him? To a layman, many of the Psalms attributed to him do appear to talk about more or less the same sort of thing using similar imagery.

I'm looking for an academic and historically based study bible. I was hoping for a text that could accompany my studies into the historical Jesus of Nazareth. I know there is a ton of study bibles, but I cannot find one is not for the purpose of Christian understanding. Again, I'm looking for historical understanding. Any help will be greatly appreciated!

Particularly in Western Europe.

Sorry for the broad question, I'm curious to know about any point in history where scabbards would have been used with swords.

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Apologies if this has been asked before, I couldn't find it in the FAQ or the search.

I learned in my intro East Asian history class that the terracotta warriors were made out of moulds in order to speed up production. (I think my prof mentioned there were 7 or 8 different molds). But I recently watched a "documentary" on Netflix that stated they couldn't have used moulds because a) there are too many unique faces and b) they used a method where they coiled the clay (supposedly shown by the inside of a broken warrior).

I'm inclined to believe my prof but not I'm not so sure.

You have the Aztecs in Central America...

You have the Mayans Incans in South America...

Why were there no comparable empires in North America?