Did the Romans only use people who'd been slaves their entire lives as house servants? If "no" how did they keep freshly captured barbarians with nothing to loose from killing their masters?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why was Japanese reconnaissance so poor during the battle of midway?

Why didn't they launch more scout planes? Could they have used additional aircraft from the carriers to boost their reconnaissance force?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

What are some of the ways that 9/11 affected the United States?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Did Romans know that lead was poisonous?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Is there a difference between the terms "Motherland" and "Fatherland", or can they be used interchangeably?

I've come across these terms in many speeches and texts, but have never been able to distinguish a difference between them.

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why did Europeans not settle in their colonies in Africa or Southeast Asia (except some cases like South Africa) as they did it in the Americas or Australia?

6 Answers 2014-05-23

How did my family escape the Holocaust?

My grandmother grew up in Germany, born in 1939. I realized a few years ago that her mother's maiden name is Jewish and our facial features are distinctly Jewish. Weird thing is, I asked one time during Christmas in front of my whole family and my question was met with total silence. Her mother (my great grandmother) married a Catholic, who was also in the German army during World War 2. How did my grandmother's family escape the Holocaust? I assume it's because my great-grandmother married a non-Jew but I would like to put this answer TO REST.

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why didn't the Papal States just annex all of Italy, and excommunicate anyone who tried to fight them?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why do we associate the shield with "the shield shape"? Where did it start? Is the shape practical?

The shape I'm talking about

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Could you tell me more about the 'Prepare To Meet Thy God' photo? (N.Ireland troubles)

I noticed this photo on another thread and was interested in learning more about it. Where and when did this take place? What was the outcome? Did he succeed? Any other useful information?

It's the 8th photo on this list. http://www.vitality101.com/fun/Fun-historic-photos-2012-01-16

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why are Roman candles called Roman candles? What is the history behind this firework?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Why do we love WW2?

Recently, cracked.com put out a list of "94 bad ass soldiers in history" or something to that effect. Of these, around fifteen at most were of pre-WWI wars and as many were of non-Western peoples. So, what is our obsession with WW2 about? A majority of the questions here are on WW2 and pop history has been dominated by modern/post modern events, so clearly it's more than just the sub.

Why do we talk about WW2 more than any other war or series of events?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

The AskHistorians Podcast - Episode 11 Discussion Thread - Medieval Japan and Japanese Piracy

Episode 011 is up!

The AskHistorians Podcast is a project that highlights the users and answers that have helped make /r/AskHistorians one of the largest history discussion forum on the internet.

You can subscribe to us via iTunes, Stitcher or RSS. If there is another index you'd like the cast listed on, let me know!

Previous Episodes

This week's Episode:

/u/TasfromTAS interviews /u/shakespeare-gurl about a topic that has nothing to do with Shakespeare: Medieval Japan. The Heian period and particularly the "pirates" of that time are covered, along with the Tale of the Heike and some general notes about working with Japanese primary sources.

/u/shakespeare-gurl has pre-suggested some resources:

The Tale of Heike translated by Hellen McCullough is a standard translation - she has additional articles if people are interested in more about the historicity of the tale.

Rethinking Japanese History by Yoshihiko Amino expands terracentric history outward into the sea and ocean.

Lords of the Sea: Pirates, Violence, and Commerce in Late Medieval Japan by Peter Shapinsky should be released this summer, but he has a couple of papers on the same topic, and a digitized dissertation if people have access to academic libraries.

If you want more specific recommendations for sources or have any follow-up questions, feel free to ask them here! Also feel free to leave any feedback on the format and so on.

If you like the podcast, please rate & review us on iTunes.

Thanks all!

Coming up next fortnight: We have an interview from Tas with /u/tobbinator and /u/Domini_canes on the Spanish Civil War.

1 Answers 2014-05-23

This map seems to show the allies knew there were no guns at Point Du Hoc. What are your thoughts?

http://www.warhistoryonline.com/war-articles/war-maps-blast-hole-conventional-history-pointe-du-hoc.html

It's unreasonable to assume that the largest military operation in history wouldnt have some errors that that are revealed years later but no guns at PdH is a pretty big deal.

1 Answers 2014-05-23

How did the American population feel about Napoleans rise in Europe?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

At the time of the Magellan expedition, was there any question that Asia lied beyond the Americas? Was there any concern of running into a "New-new world"?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

How did the "special relationship" between the United States and the United Kingdom come to be after the war of American independence and the War of 1812?

The US began its existence as an enemy of the British, and the sentiment persisted through the War of 1812. How then did the two nations become so exceptionally close later in history?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

How did the Iroquois Confederacy's System of Government Influence the Constitution?

I have read that the Iroquois Conferdercy's Great Law of Peace influenced the US Constitution. To what degree is this supported by historical documents? Is this backed up by period primary source documents? I have never heard of any.

Is it possible that this is a case of modern historians interpreting the Great Law of Peace like the Constitution, and inferring an influence? If there are few primary sources to support this, is it possible that this is due to a eurocentric worldview of the founding fathers?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

How did the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan contribute to the USSR's breakup in 1991? And no, this isn't for a school assignment.

1 Answers 2014-05-23

How historically accurate is the film 'The Last Samurai'?

It's one of my favourite films but I've always wondered if it is as true to history as it seems

Sorry if this is the wrong place to ask!

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Putting Rosemary Kennedy's Lobotomy & What Followed in Context.

In 1941, [Joe Kennedy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy,_Sr.), patriarch of the famous, politically prominent Kennedy family that included later president [John F. Kennedy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy), later senator [Robert F. Kennedy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy), and later senator [Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kennedy), sought a [lobotomy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefrontal_lobotomy) for his eldest daughter, [Rose Marie "Rosemary" Kennedy] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary_Kennedy).

The procedure, performed by [James Watts] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W.Watts) and [Walter Freeman] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Freeman(surgeon)), the two most famous American practitioners of the art, left Rosemary completely incapacitated, and she was subsequently institutionalized for the remainder of her life.

These facts are not in dispute.

More recently, however, and particularly after Rosemary's death in 2005, the fact and context of her lobotomy [have become fodder] (http://www.newsmax.com/RonaldKessler/Rosemary-Kennedy/2008/06/17/id/324146/) for those who would seek to discredit Joseph Kennedy for his decision, and by extension the entire Kennedy family for their seeming acquiescence and silence.

Speaking on my own behalf, even after reading [one of the more sympathetic takes] (http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mQgjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=eM4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=6556%2C4785465) ([cont.] (http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mQgjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=eM4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1126%2C4834990)) on the saga, it's hard to see Joe as anything other than a monster.

To arrive at a more complete understanding of this matter, I'd like AskHistorians help in examining every facet of Rosemary's lobotomy and subsequent history.

For example:

1. What was the nature of Rosemary's disability?

Was she [otherwise normal, but merely rebellious] (http://marcys.wordpress.com/2009/08/11/a-haunted-baby-sister/)? Was she minimally exceptional (in contrast to the exceptional gifts of the other Kennedy children), and struggling with the realization of her limited potential? Or did she suffer from what, today, might be diagnosed as a bona fide psychiatric illness, as [this (unfortunately unsourced) comment] (http://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1qu46d/til_that_rosemary_kennedy_jfks_sister_was_given_a/cdglqpc?context=1) would suggest?

2. Was Joe Kennedy's decision unilateral?

Did Rosemary Kennedy consent in any way to the procedure? Did Joe Kennedy truly not consult with other members of his family, including his wife Rose, before he authorized the lobotomy? Did Joe Kennedy essentially "[doctor-shop] (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-exiled-kennedy-6154854.html)" until he found a practitioner willing to perform the procedure?

(Side note: Rosemary's procedure was performed by Dr. Watts in conjunction with Dr. Freeman, and would have used the Freeman-Watts Technique. Freeman would later develop his infamous transorbital lobotomy, which is how the procedure is most often portrayed in fiction, and tour the country sans Watts in his hucksterized "Lobotomobile".)

3. What was the extent and nature of the Kennedy family's interaction with Rosemary after the lobotomy?

Was Joe Kennedy truly able to keep Rosemary cloistered from the family for years after the procedure, such that his wife Rose only visited her (and learned of the fact of her lobotomy) after a stroke left him in a vegetative state in 1961?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

Historians who have participated in archaeology digs, what's the protocol when a skeleton is discovered? Do you need to call the police?

I've wondered what needs to be done when a body is found.

2 Answers 2014-05-23

Why did Rudolf Höss testify that 3 million died at Auschwitz when most estimates I can find are only 1.1 million?

Here's a quote from wikipedia:

I commanded Auschwitz until 1 December 1943, and estimate that at least 2,500,000 victims were executed and exterminated there by gassing and burning, and at least another half million succumbed to starvation and disease, making a total dead of about 3,000,000.

Wouldn't inflating the number be against his own personal interests, especially when facing trial? Or was he truly that ignorant about the amount of deaths at his camp?

I must admit that I am rather ignorant on the subject, apart from what I was taught at school and saw in documentaries.

Thanks

1 Answers 2014-05-23

What do we know about Viking exhaustion rituals?

From what I gather from the Internet, the what made the viking berserkers fight so ferociously and appear to be indestructible,at least until after the battle, at which point they usually died which is present in several myths--one such example would be the death of beowulf, as well as Grendel's immunity to edged weapons and his death after leaving heorot-- was a combination of what is now known as PTSD/TBI, amanita mushrooms, and the exhaustion rituals. My question is what could these rituals looked like? Are there any surviving traditions of this practice?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

What was the name of the book which said nations primarily war for standing and revenge, not resources?

1 Answers 2014-05-23

6705 / 7255

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