Did a gas mask work as well in preventing a soldier from succumbing to poison gas as well as it was intended?

Or neither?

In Ovid's Heroides he slips in near the end that Dido was pregnant with Aeneas' child, thereby implicating that Aeneas not only killed her, but their child, when he forced her hand into suicide. Did he fashion this himself in order to heighten his dramatic portrayal of her?

632 to the 800s.

Who was the first historian? Not like a king recording his conquests but a person doing research to record events that happened long before his time solely for the purpose of recording history.

If the Greeks had found ancient ruins would they have preserved them? Today destroying "old" things seems sacrilegious. Were humans always that sentimental about past ages or is that a relatively modern phenomena?

Why would they see it as a viable or necessary move when they already had a larger army and navy?

Where the Roman citizens economically much better off or just about the same as other Europeans

I have recently come into possession of the journal of James Lee, of whom, according to the text of his journal, was a doctor/physician, temperance advocate and lecturer, and North Pole traveler. After doing quite a bit of amateur research, I have been unable to pinpoint exactly who this gentleman was and his historical significance, if any. The link below contains images of the journal, which I have broken down into 4 parts - 1. Front inside board, containing what appears to be recipes for medicines (with a reference to a Prof Post), though the name of the medicine/potion appears to be in latin (which I don't speak or read). 2. First part of the journal, which is his lecture on the Physiological Actions of Alcohol. This is a 70 page lecture, in which Mr. Lee advocates the complete removal of alcohol from the human race from a scientific standpoint, going into great detail about the physiology of consumption on the human body. He notes the recent cowardly assassination of Lincoln by Booth, stating that Booth needed alcohol in order to perform his deed, as well as the recent case of Thompson, who shot Fire Brigade Engineer Bailey in the nearby city of Troy, NY (I have been able to find record of this incident, 1867 Troy NY). Numerous Doctors and scientists are mentioned in his lecture, including: Dr. J K Chambers, Prof Post, Dr Pireira, Prof Lehris-tison, Dr Taylor, Dr. Wimbley Thompson, Dr. Beaumont (experiments on St Martin), Dr. Edward Smith, and the eminent French physiologists Profs Gallemand and Perrin (the writing is shorthand cursive and fading, so these spellings may be incorrect). Part 3, titled "At the North Pole", is an account of the North Pole, the actions of the wildlife found there, the botany of the region, icebergs (their formation and movements), the sky at the north pole, and the general feeling of the region and it's isolation. Part 4 appears to be a record of surgeries performed by himself and other doctors (including amputations), as well as his case studies (of spontaneous resolution of tumors in specific patients, etc). This portion contains the only dates in the journal, 1845 and 1846.

As a book collector, I can verify that the binding of the journal, paper, and ink used is consistent with the time period (mid-1800's).

I am asking for any information one could provide regarding Mr. James Lee, and of course, much thanks is given to any who respond.

I am fascinated by this culture which seems to have disappeared. Where did they come from? Why did they disappear? What was their culture like. I've read the Wikipedia entry on them, but can you tell me more?

Can someone please help me with some terms to research for a piece of pottery I acquired?

I am new here. First post, so hopefully I am in the right place. Also, can pics be uploaded?

Who or what institutions are considered the best in the field of museums or public history? Any small museums or historic sites out there that do a remarkable job without the big budget that big museums have? Any history museums/sites out there that have really great public outreach programs?

What history museum/site or exhibit totally blew you away by its spot-on historical interpretation or narrative? Have you visited any memorable exhibits that were able to balance thoughtful, in-depth interpretation without being too esoteric for the general museum crowd or too dumbed down for the specialist?

What makes a history museum "good" or "great"? (I'm thinking of little volunteer local history outfits I've seen that had genuinely interesting artifacts, but it felt about as curated as digging through grandma's attic. It makes me think that a good museum isn't just about the artifacts, but that there is something in the organization or interpretation of those artifacts that bumps it from "interesting" to "awesome.")

If you could curate a history museum, what would you exhibit (basically, do you feel that there's a gap out there in public history that isn't adequately addressed)?

Curious to know what people think was the "calmest" moment in the last three millennia. Least violent power transitions, minimal slave exploitation (relatively speaking), intellectual and religious freedom, and so on. How long did this period last and what brought it to an end? If not globally, then maybe just Afroeurasia.

The CIA is often stereotyped as a cruel, misanthropic organization that did everything it could to suppress popular opinion in Latin America and Southeast Asia, instead preferring to prop up dictators who supported corporate interests. How true is that assertion?

In the video game Europa Universalis 4 one of missions of the Ottoman Empire is to take Constantinople and the mission text says: "The Prophets last command was to bring the Romans into the house of Islam" did he really say something like this?

Were these groups generally polyamorous or monogamous? Were there prohibited sexual acts or specific religious or legal practices forbidding or encouraging masturbation or homosexuality and homosexual conduct?

I've read that mescaline was first identified as the active principle of peyote in the late 19th century and isolated around the same time. That leaves an awful lot of time before the 1960's counter-culture in which the Western world was aware of these substances and I'm interested in what the public attitudes were before they gained the reputation they do today as a result of their mass use abuse. I'm interested as a result of reading The Doors of Perception by Aldous Huxley which was written before and seems to be different to later, post 1960s accounts of the experience.

I'm referring to him not challenging Congress during the Newburgh Conspiracy, making it clear that the USA would not be a military state, and not going for a third term for the Presidency, setting the standard for the two-term president.

'Scare marks' in the title question because I realise that chivalry and codes of chivalric conduct are slightly dodgy terms. I'm writing my undergraduate thesis on chivalric literature, in particular, Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur. When I think of a definition of chivalry, I tend to think of the Round Table oath that Malory writes - essentially (I'm paraphrasing from the 2004 Norton Critical Edition) not to assault or kill innocent people, not to commit treason against the King, not to duel other knights over property issues or over women, and to protect women (it specifically mentions that rape was punishable by death). Theoretically at least, knights were supposed to operate within these rules.

I've recently been thinking about how this pertains to earlier warrior cultures in different parts of Europe. I've read the Saga of the Jomsvikings, which mentions some rules about how this particular group of warriors had to behave. But, more generally, did Viking warriors adhere to any sort of system of good conduct, even if it wasn't as defined as chivalric values tend to be considered?