Hi! Basically the title - to what extent can we say that the Nazis were influenced and ‘authorised’ by Nietzsche’s works? Was he such a prophet as he seemed, or did he in fact help to bring about the future he envisioned?

I would also like a refresher on the evidence of the Nazis’ relationship to German Protestantism and Catholicism of the day, and how that might be viewed in the light of Nietzsche’s influence.

Thank you for any help!

Edit: I’m particularly interested in Nietzsche’s prediction of a new and highly destructive model of war - was it predictive, or was his prediction used as inspiration and a deliberate target? As the prediction in question is in Ecce Homo, it is unlikely to be the second - one comment says that no Nazis were aware of anything other than Will to Power.

What steps would they have had to take? What restrictions would they face if they were from a certain part of Europe and how did it differ from country to country? Could anyone migrate to the Americas? Did it cost money and what destinations would be the most attractive for certain peoples?

"Tac verdigres ant grynt hit, ant cast hit into thin staundys, ant cast therto the fineste
wort that thu myht ifinden, ant sture togedere, ant writ."

"Take verdigris and grind it, and cast it into your stand, and add to it the finest wort plant that you can find, and stir them together, and write."

What plant would that have been? Would it have provided color in addition to the verdigris or was it just for the liquid content?

I recently got the board game Pendragon: The Fall of Roman Britain. There is a list of books for suggested reading, but I was looking for a good book for a layman to read.

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Thanks

I'm planning on running a D&D campaign set in the Holy Roman Empire during the beginning of the 30 years' war. Are there any resources that you would recommend for learning about what life was like for the average person during these times? (i.e. I don't care too much about which states were at war with which, but I do care about how likely some random guy is to be pressed into an army, or how difficult it is for a village to survive and not get razed)

For example, if a person was born in the Dutch East Indies and lived their whole childhood there, but then was sent back to the Netherlands for boarding school/university are there documented cases or works of literature which describe feeling foreign in their countries of citizenship?

I know that cafes remained open in Paris during the occupation, but I've been able to learn precious little else on the subject. What about the rest of the country? How did rationing and curfews affect the operation of bars and restaurants? How were French citizens affected in their ability to patronize such establishments?

A cursory read about the Seven Years' war drew my attention to high ranking military personnel, such as James Keith or George Browne, who served "foreign" Lords. While I see that Keith's circumstances were a bit special, that still begets the questions:

How fluid was cultural identity - in the sense of e.g. being Prussian, or Irish, or Russian - before the advent of modern nation states? Would someone like Keith or Browne readily adopt the culture of their "host", or stay somewhat firmly rooted in the culture of their upbringing? Was cultural identity something that bothered them - or their Lords - at all? Or was it reserved for creating a concept of "otherness" when fighting a "foreign" foe and did not matter to people of status (or commoners, for that matter)?

Hello,

I'm a french "millenial", and quite often, especially when I talk with individuals of the previous generation (the "boomers"), they jokingly, or with a certain tone of disdain, tell me that my generation doesn't read anymore, and that THEY were way more cultured, in all sorts of way (especially because they didn't have phones). But when I talk with people of my age (25), I recall having multiple conversations about books we read. Are the adults right ? Did people in the 60's/70's/80's read more books and were more interested in culture ?

Subsidiary question : In case of an affirmative answer, what did they read ? Mostly "classics" that we learn in school ?

Thanks for the answer

They used the Chinese calender before that, then changed. Was this an extension of the Meiji restoration? What is the reason behind the change?

I have always heard of the great South American empires however, to my understanding, everything above what is today Mexico stayed relatively primitive in comparison.

Why is it that no great empire or even cities appeared in the north?

I'll happily take your recommendations :) If you have any sources concerning a specific topic (WWII, Royal Family, whatever in the XX century) it's also great.

The Achaemenid satrapies of Asia Minor Tissaphernes and Pharnazabus followed a decades long and successful policy of keeping Greece in a power equilibrium between disunited city-states by throwing their support behind whichever side was losing with money and ships, even dictating its own peace to the Greeks in the Treaty of Antalcidas. But then a few decades later somehow Macedonia was able to subjugate all of Greece and even Thrace up to the Hellespont without Persia bothering to do anything? What happened? There was apparently a revolt of the western satrapies in the 360s but that had been over for years by the time Philip started intervening in Greek affairs. Why were the Persians so asleep at the wheel? Was it just incompetent or complacent leadership compared to the generation of satraps around the Peloponnesian War?

I come from a religious studies background and have done some pretty extensive reading on the historical Jesus question. I'm generally interested in the historical development of religious systems, and since Islam is close to Christianity the historicity of Muhammad seemed to be the next step.

However, there seems to be a serious paucity of scholarly works on Islam in the tradition of authors like Schweitzer or Meier. I'm assuming this is because textual criticism of Islam is inherently dangerous given anti-blasphemy laws, or there is a dearth of sources.

I have found one book - The Historical Muhammad - which is edited by Ibn Warraq. However, on reading the forward to it, it seems like it was written from an anti-Islamic, polemical mindset, which is a bit of a turn off. (On Googling, Wikipedia seems to back me up on this, the criticism is scathing).

Warraq (and seemingly others in the volume) make an interesting case, however, that elements of Islam (and elements / writing in the Koran itself) predated Muhammad. This would not be outside of historical precedent, especially given what happened with Judaism.

So, my question is twofold: does this assertion hold any water at all, and are there any honest, scholarly works that anyone can recommend on the "historical" Muhammad and the textual criticism of early Islamic sources? I'm thinking of something like Meier's A Marginal Jew. My Amazon searches seem to show a bunch of polemical nonsense, so I'd like to find some reputable works.

Pirates have a strong hold on American culture and are a popular topic in schools. But how are they viewed in other countries, specifically are in countries that are landlocked or have little coastline? Does the average person even know about pirates?

The Klan expanded greatly in the 1920s. It was a resurgence in the American South but also expanded to many parts of the country but why was that? What inspired or caused the organization to find new members in the North/Eastern/Western USA?