There seems to be confusion on Wikipedia in regards to the cities or Gurganj and Urgench. Depending on the article they are either separate cities or one in the same. My understanding is that Urgench was massacred and Gurganj was flooded then massacred. Were they in fact separate cities?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

Friday Free-for-All | September 25, 2020

Previously

Today:

You know the drill: this is the thread for all your history-related outpourings that are not necessarily questions. Minor questions that you feel don't need or merit their own threads are welcome too. Discovered a great new book, documentary, article or blog? Has your Ph.D. application been successful? Have you made an archaeological discovery in your back yard? Did you find an anecdote about the Doge of Venice telling a joke to Michel Foucault? Tell us all about it.

As usual, moderation in this thread will be relatively non-existent -- jokes, anecdotes and light-hearted banter are welcome.

6 Answers 2020-09-25

How historically accurate is the Behind the Police podcast by Robert Evans?

Gave the podcast and listen and it sounds like they went through the work to find historical documents to back up their points but as a left leaning person this feels like it hits all the check marks and I just want to make sure it’s actually backed up with historical facts. I know he does behind the bastards but this is the first podcast series of his that I’ve given a listen and wanted to make sure it’s historically factual.

1 Answers 2020-09-25

What were the strategic/tactical benefits to towers when it came to defending a castle from assault?

I've heard that castles must have towers, in particular at the corners where two walls meet, for defensive purposes. My question is in what way did towers benefit the defenders? What were the advantages to a tower over just having a wall?

2 Answers 2020-09-25

Medieval soldiers covering their mouths with scarfs

I noticed that in a lot of old art, it shows soldiers using scarves, cloths or such to cover their mouths. Sometimes it includes the nose, but not necessarily.

What's the reason for this? Surely cloth doesn't provide nearly enough protection for it to be used as armour.

1 Answers 2020-09-25

I'm a well-do Roman aristocrat in Rome during the 2nd century. My wife has been showing an interest in this Syrian cult called Christianity. What am I likely to feel about this?

Is this something to be embarrassed about? Would I want to ask her to reconsider? Could it affect my social standing? And what am I personally likely to know about this curious faith and its fish god? Would I be able to find out more if I wanted?

4 Answers 2020-09-25

Why do Americans keep talking about Fascism and Nazism but not Confederatism, Seggregationism or Slaveryism? Why aren't these even a thing?

Is there a connection to pop cultural quips about rejecting -isms (eg by "Ferris Bueller")?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

How were the relations of serfdom enforced?

Let's say I am a serf and I am sick of it. What keeps me from leaving my estate, in a practical sense? If I do leave, what keeps me from claiming to be a peasant?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

What is the historical significance of the necktie?

My central question is: what is the historical significance of neck bands (ties in a general sense) in Puritan society and is this analogous to a priest's 'white tie' (purity) and if so, why is one shorter and one longer on one side? Secondarily: have neck ties lost meaning over time in this regard? Does the shorter the neck band mean 'more liberal'? They seem to become more political over time but I am not sure.

I was watching a scene from an opera by Mozart Enlightenment Era) - Don Giovanni in this case - and in this scene with Don Giovanni's page the necktie resembles that of a Puritan (appears at 3:19):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lf-lu0yfBU

I made a quick association with American Puritans when I saw that (could be a directorial choice).

But this made me think further: are neck ties more of political statement throughout history and a statement about a lack of agency rather than their original intent of being a statement on religion and where they stand post-Reformation?

There is a famous image of Martin Luther where he has no tie:

https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/VteWtQ7E11ukjCoOHMlHZwaNBKw=/fit-in/1600x0/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/c7/8b/c78b095d-3a6b-4829-99b0-7687f6f0f4e9/martinluther-workshopcranachelder.jpg

It may be a revolutionary statement? Also, here is a famous image of a no-neck-tie-wearing Andrew Jackson from a famous portrait of Andrew Jackson where there is obviously no necktie:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Andrew_jackson_head.jpg/1200px-Andrew_jackson_head.jpg

Henry Clay is more flamboyant at this point, his political rival where there is obviously a necktie:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Henry_Clay_1848_restored.jpg

There comes a time when Lincoln or any neck-tie-size doesn't stand out because they are all doing the same thing in the 1860 Election:

https://civilwaryears.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/1860-election.jpg?w=440

But then here is Grover Cleveland wearing both styles:

https://www.biography.com/.image/ar_1:1%2Cc_fill%2Ccs_srgb%2Cg_face%2Cq_auto:good%2Cw_300/MTIwNjA4NjMzNzczNTkwMDI4/grover-cleveland-9251050-1-402.jpg

Then later..

https://cdn.britannica.com/41/71041-050-E796E083/Grover-Cleveland.jpg

The style has stayed the same ever since.

Therefore: has the necktie become less religious and more political?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

Switched to a History Major, unsure if I have what it takes to actually make it worthwhile.

After three years of trying to make my way in Biology, a field I grew to despise, I finally bit the bullet and switched to a History major last term, with encouragement from my friends and family. I want to specialize in East Asia, specifically China, and I would love to pursue a career teaching at the University level. However, I am beginning to think I started too late, and that I have no real chance of success. I have no knowledge of East Asian languages, which I understand are very difficult to learn. I have no relationships with professors, and building them is significantly harder due to the online format. On top of that, I worry that I am not as capable as I think I am. I feel as though I am intellectually inferior to most of my classmates, and I am pretty sure one of my Professors has already decided that I am. Finally, my GPA is around 3.5 from the classes for my previous major, which I struggled in. My Major GPA is 3.9+, however. Regardless, I suspect I am not competitive for top ten programs. If there is still a chance for me to be competitive, what should I do to address the language issue and build relationships with my professors? If I am not competitive for those programs, what should I change my major to after this semester (besides Biology, as the job prospects aren't much better than for a History major)?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

Customary mourning period of someone you were courting, in the US around the Civil War?

This is for a book I'm working on, and while I've gotten plenty of information on spousal mourning and that sort of thing, I can't find anything on couples. For clarification, let's say you, a 23-year-old man, had been courting a woman for three years and were not yet engaged, but would have been in a week had she not been killed. In front of you.

What would the expected mourning period be? And when would it become acceptable, or even expected, to start courting again- or would it never be?

For reference: The story is set a bit after the US Civil War, but due to fantasy/sci-fi shenanigans the timeline's messed up anyway. Such as the characters getting paid 1823 wages in a 1867 economy. The girl got shot by bandits while saving a child, the bandits were after the man thinking (incorrectly) that he had money, and if it affects anything the man is in the Navy.

Secondary offshoot of this question: How, if at all, strange would it seem for the man to swear off all romance after this, fearing that the same thing would happen to them, and hold to that completely for the next seven/eight years?

(Note: Sailor_Cowgirl here, this is my cous stealing my account. I'll back out now. Bye!)

2 Answers 2020-09-25

What was farming like in Southern Italy in the early 1900s?

For example, what crops/animals were farmed, what farming practices were common, how long was an average work day, etc.

1 Answers 2020-09-25

How important was Singapore as a naval base to the Japanese during WWII?

Most sources only discuss the base from the British persepective (with a notable absence of the 3 years of Japanese Occupation). However there is sufficient information to show that Singapore was a submarine base (German/Italian submarines sometimes docked there), and a base from with some of the naval forces for the Leyte Gulf operation were launched from. IJN Myoko and Takao were also attacked in 1945 by XE-craft raids under Operation Struggle.

1 Answers 2020-09-25

Why did a bunch of nazis hide out in Argentina?

What made Argentina the place to hide out in the world, or was it not the place and it's just portrayed like that in media?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

At what point did Palm Trees become synonymous with Southern Europe rather than considered imports? i.e. when you picture the 'South of France,' you think of the blue sea, white sandy beaches, and Palm Trees. Same with Portugal, Italy, Spain. Yet Palm Trees are African/Middle Eastern in origin...

First Part: At what point did Palm trees become considered the inherent part of the fabric of Southern Europe? So much so that they weren't really considered 'imported' anymore? During Arab rule or was it even before that, during Roman/pre-Roman times when Southern Europe/North Africa were culturally closer to each other than maybe they were to Northern Europe?

Second Part: Is it fair to say that palm trees can now, for all practical purposes, be considered native to Southern Europe or do they still have to be imported and planted individually (in other words all the palm trees that we see today in Southern Europe, are they still not able to emerge organically from the soil)?

1 Answers 2020-09-25

Why is 415 Hz used as a standard "A" pitch for historical performance of Baroque music?

From what I've gathered, tuning in the Baroque period was more "free" in the sense that the reference pitch would vary considerably between performances. So, how did music historians choose the frequency of 415 Hz? (Or, if historians didn't arrive at this number, why is this number circulated so frequently?)

Even if there was a single standard tuning pitch back then, how would it be possible to measure it hundreds of years later?

1 Answers 2020-09-24

What are your thoughts on Noah Brown's "Ragnar Lothbrok and a History of the Vikings" and Judith Jesch's "Women in the Viking Age"?

I've been watching the show Vikings and am interested to learn more of the real history behind the show. Norse history is (obviously) outside my area of expertise, so I'm not sure which authors I ought to select. I'm wanting to avoid sensational accounts and common misinformation (my impression is that is a problem among Viking books). Are Jesch and Brown well-regarded scholars?

2 Answers 2020-09-24

Why were hotels and short term housing cheaper 100 years ago than now?

In works of literature and biography from 19th and 20th century America, I see references to cheap nightly rates (adjusted for inflation) at hotels and boarding houses. These stories often feature a low-wage worker who can afford a room at a nightly rate, often with meals included. I am not aware of hotels that would be as affordable in our time. What caused this change?

1 Answers 2020-09-24

Knights Templar

In the Czech Republic there is lots of memorabilia about the Knights Templar. What is the history of the knights in this area?

1 Answers 2020-09-24

How much of the treaty of versailles is to blame for the start of ww2 and hittler raise to power

I do know it wasn't the only factor that came into play but i was curious how much of the rise of hittler could be blamed on the treaty and if his rise to power would happen if the treaty was far more "soft" on germans or even non existent (i am not including the need for revenge becuase it would exist either way, even if to a less extent).

Obs: i am new here so i tried to search for "treaty of versailles" to avoid questions already answered but didn't saw any refering to the relation of the treaty and nazis, so if this is a common question forgive me

1 Answers 2020-09-24

What if I didn't want to help build the Great Pyramids?

Exactly as the title says: If I lived in ancient Egypt and did not want to help build the Pyramids, what happens to me? Does anything happen?

1 Answers 2020-09-24

Could somebody recommend me some books on England 850-1066?

I am answering a question on if the Scandinavian invasions were more significant towards forming England than the Norman invasions. I have a few books lined up but I'm just wondering if anyone knows of anything specific that would be good.

Thanks!

2 Answers 2020-09-24

Where is best to go if I want to doctor in history?

I thought that Oxford was a safe bet but then realising I don't have the sufficient funds to go to Oxford I wonder where would be most beneficial to go?

Also saw that I misspelt the title. English is not my first language and mixed the words up as that is how you write it where I come from hehe.

1 Answers 2020-09-24

They say Jesus might have been born around 6-4 BC, but can that be BC? It should be 0AD, right?

2 Answers 2020-09-24

Did the Dutch refine oil in the East Indies in the late 1930s, or just drill for it? What types of petroleum products could they produce if they did?

I'm specifically curious if they could produce fuel oil, diesel fuel, or aviation gasoline in the East Indies without having to export the crude oil somewhere else for refining.

1 Answers 2020-09-24

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