Note: I asked this question ~two weeks ago with no response. I realize answering it may need a historian with a fairly narrow band of expertise, so here goes attempt #2:

For context, I'm reading Immigrants Against The State by Kenyon Zimmer, about Italian and Jewish Anarchists in America. There seems to have been a comparatively high proportion of leftists in those two groups, as well as German immigrants, compared to other large immigrant populations to the US. Thinking about it, I'm surprised that there was not such a radical strain in the Irish immigrant community (and later generations of Irish Americans) - especially considering the fairly strong socialist movement in Ireland itself.

So - am I off base? Was there a strong streak of left-wing radicalism among Irish immigrants?

Are there any historians that have discussed or researched the Iran-Contra scandal? Also, are there any historical societies or groups that focus on cold war covert actions?

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All of my questions relate to the alternate attendance policy. I've heard that traveling daimyo were only allowed to stay at specific (very expensive) inns on the way back and forth between Tokyo to force them to waste resources. Were these state run, and if not, how were these inns chosen? Was there actually something like an approved list of inns to stay at? What kind of services did they provide- were they actually a luxury experience, or just price gouged? Besides traveling samurai, who else would stay at these- or were they exclusive to samurai? Would they plan their visits months in advance or would it just be when they felt tired? (I've also heard that they were only allowed to travel set distances each day).

Thanks in advance!

In short, I am trying to determine whether my great grandfather would have had any reason to renounce his Italian citizenship.

Relatedly, during World War II, were American soldiers who had Italian-US dual citizenship required to renounce their Italian citizenship?

Hi there!

Apologies if this sounds like quite a dumb question, but my Google-Fu is failing me something hardcore here. I've been at it for hours and I'm getting a little overwhelmed, lol.

I am researching for a novel set in about 420 BC, and there are some characters whom I hope will travel from Athens to Gytheio (Gythio?).

I understand roads were rare and expensive back then, so many preferred boat travel - I'm not very knowledgeable of Ancient Greek geography, and as I say I can't seem to find any detailed maps showing any huge rivers that may have led down that kind of route.

If anyone has any ideas on what to look for, then I would be very grateful. The main bulk of my novel is set in Sparta (one character is going to travel there after reaching Gytheio), so I am looking for them to travel from Athens to any prevalent (so wealthy, powerful and/or affluent) city/state as close to Spartan land without actually being part of it.

Edit: Again sorry if this all sounds a bit silly. I'm not an aficionado of Ancient Greece, and I am attempting to research what I need to know in order to write my novel properly. I hope this is okay.

Thanks in advance!(Cross-posted from /r/History)

I'm currently watching the Ken Burns Vietnam War series and there were some pretty damning things said behind closed doors between Kennedy and McNamara, Johnson and McNamara, and Nixon and Kissinger, etc. that reveal their private doubts about the war, political motivations to prolong the war, etc. that really put them in a pretty bad light at times. I can't imagine they would have said some of the things they did if they knew it might get out somehow at a later time?

Today we consider those who sacrificed their body for a cause in battle to be heroes. Was this the same in Roman society?

How common was the Pavise shield and how did it spread? Did non crossbow wielding soldiers ever use a Pavise type shield?

Sorry if my title doesn’t make any sense. But basically IIRC the Indian Removal Act was Jackson’s idea to help “save” the Native Americans from an even worse fate had they stayed. I think it was some opposition to Jackson or some other elected official that was planning on a massacre or something of the sort.

Some of the early OT books seem to show the Israelites wiping out various groups, man, woman and child. But I saw something a few months ago about how genetic testing had proved the someone-ites had actually survived in significant numbers. And I've heard theologians say that this was just the Israelite writers being hyperbolic anyway. So I'd like to know what archeology, classics, genetics, etc, has to say about it, and what current theories are.

I came across a video that makes the claim that some in the UK royal family or government were suspicious of the marriage between Elizabeth and Philip for two reasons: (1) Philip was not “royal enough” and (2) feared he was a pawn for his “scheming Uncle’s quest to seize power.” To a layman not well versed in royal protocols, Philip’s bio seems fairly “royal” to me. And I had never heard about Lord Mountbatten’s alleged scheming. Did they think he was planning a coup?

In the same scene, Goebbels also stays in the room without Hitler explicitly allowing him to do so.