Did they rely heavily on mercenaries? Were they well disciplined like the legions in ancient Rome? How well did they compare to forces such as western Europeans and Arabic/middle eastern forces?

I bet there was still a lot of helmets, shields, weapons, projectiles, armour etc. to be found intact/relatively intact after a battle. Say you're a poor Roman soldier 250 BC that survived his first battle but has barebones armour and a sword, couldn't he just go loot the dead for armour, weapons, gold (stuff to sell) etc...?

EDIT: extra: what happened to the stuff of the dead soldiers back at the camp? Was it taken by the officers, redistributed among the soldiers, or ...?

Genghis Khan, Attila and other warmongers wreaked havoc all around the same area in different time periods. Is it a coincidence or did they learn from the others sucess?

I am wondering if in earlier time periods they had something similar to what we have now-a-days in pump up songs (Seven Nation Army/Till I Collapse/ACDC)? Obviously not of the same genre or exact effect but something that got people really amped. I appreciate any responses.

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Apologies if these definitions aren't accurate. I suspect the first one was the original common-use definition, with the second term arising from academia or rights movements. I'd love to learn the history of the different usages and why it happened. Thanks!

Considering just how influential Prussia was on Europe in recent history, and the fact that it really hasn't been gone for that long, what happened to people who identified themselves as Prussian? While I understand that what was Prussia is now part of Poland, why didn't the Prussians maintain their national identity?

I think about this almost every time my dogs bring back a piece of an animal and gnaw on it for days, or even when they drink out of a puddle.

Of course I know animals have different digestive enzymes, and I would get sick if I did what they did. So, how long ago were humans able to do that? Why did we start cooking our meat before eating it?

The Roman mythology we all learn about in school teaches us that Jupiter and Zeus are the same deity, etc. Stories that apply to Zeus are also taught as applying equally to Jupiter. That was the result of a deliberate project of Hellenization, and even in Hellenized Rome isn't exactly true.

But what about beforehand? What stories did the Romans tell about Jupiter and Juno and the other gods prior to Greek influence? Was there even such a time?

I'm thinking of the more formalised, 1v1 style jousting rather than the earlier group competitions.

Most obviously - what mortality rate would we expect to see?

More difficult to answer - how many serious injuries would we expect? That would include things like broken bones or what have you.

If they were quite high (which I'd imagine they were, considering the sport consists of two guys in armour trying to knock the other off a galloping horse) - what was the reward like to entice people to take part?

Hi there, not sure if this is the right subreddit but since there are a lot of historians on the this subreddit i thought one might be able to point me to some resources.

I am Dutch and my grandfather was aswell. He was not Jewish and got send to Germany to work in a factory.

That is the only information I have. What resources could I use to identify in what camp my grandfather was and how he returned to the Netherlands?

Apologies for any grammar mistakes my native language is not English.

I guess I'm just interested in how much Angle and Saxon national identities remained distinct by this point or whether they would consider themselves the same. Thanks for any replies!

I'm looking for films or books about North American Indigenous peoples prior to European contact.

I've done a bit of research online and it's (not) hilarious how many articles about indigenous history start in the 1600s. I realize that this is probably due to the dearth of knowledge, but there must be some information worth learning.

given the immediate repercussions...

As far as i know the only conflict is that they were enemies once.

I know that the Wehrmacht, though technically separate from the Nazi Party, were instrumental in carrying out the Holocaust on the Eastern Front. But not every soldier of the Wehrmacht could have been an active participant. How much did they know, and how much did they care?

By Nazi law, the Jews broke the law by being "unworthy of life", meaning they were technically executed legally rather than murdered.

Is this a valid claim? I made this point in class but was shot down by the teacher, who said murder is on an 'ethical', not 'legal', ground. I disagree. Can someone weigh in?

I specifically mean religious motivation, kamikaze fighter pilots don't apply because I don't think their motivations where religious. Correct me if I'm wrong.