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did they attend Hitler Youth every day? any idea on what times of day they would be doing Hitler Youth activities? thanks in advance

I am currently reading Shogun, a fictional novel by James Clavell that is set in 1600 Japan. In one of the chapters, the main protagonist, an English sea-merchant, is being questioned by his Japanese captures. The Japanese translator states to him, "Lord Toranaga says, it is unbelievable that any human could live without bathing." The Englishman replies, "For instance, in my country, everyone believes baths are dangerous for your health. My grandmother, Granny Jacoba, used to say, 'a bath when you're birthed and another when laid out'll see thee through the Pearly Gates.'"

If this is so, what was the cause of them to believe that bathing or cleaning ones-self was considered harmful to their health? When did this idea start to change?

Or a term specifically given to people that are not from Iceland that isn't general?

Thanks so much!

So, the Dutch film Michiel de Ruyter (or Admiral in the US) is a hilariously terrible movie. Like somebody watched Pearl Harbor way more than they should have and applied the style to the Dutch Golden Age. I can't recommend it highly enough. They make so many weird choices in the film, but having William III be so flamboyant seemed so necessary that I'm curious if his sexuality was an issue of contention. Not that it matters, I just wasn't aware.

Secondarily, did people in 500 AD know they were in 500 AD?

Few inventions had as much impact on humankind as the printing press. It allowed rapid dissemination of information, knowledge, and thought; it was a contributor to the Renaissance, a catalyst to the Reformation, and a necessary pre-requisite to the eventual Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment.

Yet it was only invented in 1440, despite being a rather simple and obvious concept - arrange some blocks together, dip them in ink, and apply them to paper to produce an easily reproducible print. Nor was the implementation terribly mechanically complex; a rather simple wooden construction making use of the lever and arrangeable blocks. Compared to cathedrals, towers, aqueducts, military siege engines, multi-deck ships, elaborate tiling techniques, and other artifices of the time, this looks rather simple in comparison. It'd strike me that any civilization with a strong bureaucracy and literary culture (Babylon, Rome, Byzantium, China, the Islamic world, etc.) should've come across and appreciated the advantages the printing press brought, as well as had the technical means of constructing it, well before 1440.

So why did it take so long for the printing press to be invented and/or adopted? Was the obvious advantage of massively reproducible text really not acknowledged at the time? Was the availability of paper or ink in sufficient quantities a limiting factor? Was there any resistance, e.g. from the Church over losing control over dissemination of the Scripture, secular leaders concerned about seditious printing, or scribes who feared for their jobs?

Edit: do = did

I'm reading WWII retellings from a relative who served in the navy, and at one point he talks about how the Japanese thought US submarines could only dive to 150 ft, when in reality it was 400 ft. He says a US Congressman was told about this and the Japanese's ineffectiveness, and apparently publicized this fact and allowed the Japanese to then successful attack US subs. "The story as I heard it said that there were a flurry of submarine losses after that." Is there any truth to this, and if so can anyone help identify the Congressman?

Nowadays we have computers to search with, or in more recent history, we've had organization methods like the Dewey Decimal System to help find books. But I wonder, how did people locate books/writings in ancient libraries?