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There is a long history of Jewish communities creating Hebracized versions of various writing systems (Arabic, Latin, etc). Did such a thing ever happen with ancient Egyptian? Are there Hebracized versions of Egyptian Hieroglyphics floating around somewhere?

Sometimes you can see shapes floating in your peripherals. Sometimes when you stand up very quickly or hit your head, you see lights pop in and out of your vision. Ancient people must have noticed these things. What did they think these things were?

I know Roman's had the Elysium fields but you had to be a EPIC caliber Hero to get into those. It was dull old hades for most ordinary mortals. Judaism used to mock the fledgling Christian cults for their belief in an After Life as well.

Forgive my cynicism but the thing is, it seems like a natural graft if I was planning on building a following base: "No no no, pleasure everlasting AFTER you die. You just have to do what I say in this life. ...Now blow me and give me 10%"

Did most people just not think about it or was this a mind blowing concept at the time and it only now seems obvious because I grew up with Heaven being shoved in my face since I was a babe?

I recently saw a post on Facebook that mentioned him, and after some research I found out he created a National Socialist party in Belgium, what happened after that? And how important was his party in occupied and post WW2 Belgium?

Premise: I don't know a lot about him, mainly because I'd never heard of him or Rexism, so if my question is flawed please forgive me.

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I understand this is a very narrow topic and we probably don't have many specialists in this field here, but I'll try my luck.

One of the most famous Dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is currently known as Vytautas. This is the name used in Lithuania, also the name English wikipedia uses as the "main" name and the title for the article. Russian Wikipedia gives us Витовт which is basically Russian form of the same Vytautas written in Cyrillic. Wikipedia articles in many other different languages use some form of Vytautas as well, but none provide any sources so I assume they just use the currently popular name.

However as far as I know this is a made up name. Lithuanian linguist Kazimieras Būga made it up at some point in late 19th or early 20th century. While Lithuanian sources say he just "restored true names for Lithuanian dukes" they never provide any evidence for it. I don't even know a rationale behind his decision, i.e. why Vytautas and not Vitoldas, what made him think this is a "true" form of the Duke's name. And since the times Būga lived in are known as rising nationalism times for Lithuania, and Vytautas just happened to be similar to tauta (Lithuanian for a nation), it makes me even more suspicious this name is just a made up name with no real roots in history.

So my question is, how much do we really know about the real name of Vytautas and all other dukes from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania? Since many of them were "restored" by Būga, including but not limited to Vytautas' father Kęstutis, the King of Lithuania Mindaugas and so on. I know the Latin name for Vytautas was Alexander Vitoldus, is it possible that Vitoldus was his real name? Or is it more likely it was just a latinized form of his real name that nobody knows now?

Any evidence to support that Marc Antony actually said this? Was he even at Julius Caesar's funeral?

I realize it would have been a lot, but wars cost too and it would have preserved the Union... am I being an idiot?

It seems to me that the Pope was basically saying that the legacy of the Roman Empire lay with the church in Rome rather than in Constantinople, and I can't imagine that Byzantines would agree.

So I'd wondered this for a little while and I think this might be a worthy question here.

Let's say you lived in one of the countries in the Iron Curtain (like Poland) and you wanted a change of scenery and wanted to move to a different SSR or country in the "sphere of influence". How difficult would it be? Did each Soviet republic have differently run immigration systems? Would it be easier to move to a sphere of influence country if you were from the USSR than another Iron Curtain country?

Are there any records of systems for gestures or other body-communication prior to what you see in modern field manuals for soldiers?

As a child I learned about our local Native Americans, the Iroquois. However, recently I've heard the term "Iroquois" may be considered offensive because it means something rude in Algonquin. Would it be more correct then to refer not to the Iroquois but to the Haudenosaunee, as this is the league of six nations they created?

Or as a broader question - what social factors lead to this increase on crime?

I'm really not sure if this is the right place for this, but I've been missing my old history classes I took in undergrad and I was wondering if there were any good online resources to learn Greek and/or Roman history at my own pace. I always found that time period to be extremely interesting, and was hoping some of you might have some good suggestions. I'm currently in med school and while I love it to death, I find myself missing some diversity.

Thanks!

I've only really heard it with Hugo and Dickens. If it's true, were less known authors paid like that? What were contemporary reasons for this? How much were they paid per line or word?

More broadly, I'm wondering if there's a specific reason that certain ethnic groups (Italian, Russian, and Irish) are associated with organized crime syndicates more often than others?

Queen Elizabeth I ruled England in a time (1558 - 1603) where women were very much considered to be 'the weaker sex'. In what ways did Elizabeth deal with this prejudice? And was it in any way a help, rather than a hindrance, to her as a sovereign?