I have an ancient history assignment and my prof. told me I can't use man made materials(ie. rope, plastic, steel, etc.) and i cant find any info on how to bind tools.

I understand that they had their own objectives, but did Germany even try to get them to launch a second, eastern invasion of Russian territory to help split the Russian army in two?

If so, why didn't the Japanese do so?

I understand that it's probably a pretty good instrument in comparison to other instruments. But from a history standpoint, why did it become as popular as it is today, and why will I never hear a lute, tuba, French horn, or violin solo in a heavy metal song?

I'm currently working on a production of Macbeth and have been cast as one of the witches in the play. I am interested in knowing how the idea of witchcraft came about? When, in history, was it the most popular? Is there any interesting mythology behind witches in general? Anything you can tell me about witches would be greatly appreciated!

Edit: To elaborate, how did this become a common phrase?

Recently I've learned about legalism, the ancient Chinese philosophy, and many of its idea sounded rather similar to that of Juche in North Korea, especially the idea of strict control of the people and fierce independence. Are the two related?

It appears the allies of Britain during the war (Ottoman Turks and France) had much stronger reasons for joining the war i.e the Turks were responding to Russian demands to exercise protection over the orthodox subjects of the Ottoman Sultan and the dispute between Russia and France over the privileges of the Russian Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches in the holy places in Palestine. The only explanation I have come across is that it was to stop Austria becoming involved. Were Austria a military power in the 1850's? Why would Britain join a war just to stop them joining one or was there a different reason all together?

tl;dr Britain didn't get much out of the war?

ninja edit: After some more reading up it appears Russia only accepted preliminary peace terms after Austria threatened to join the war on the allies side. Were Austria really that powerful? Also it seems a lot of the war was to do with countries wanting power of the Danubian principalities, firstly Russia, then Ottoman Turks and then Austria. What is so significant about that area (Modern day Romania)

There's a story that the remains of the Colossus of Rhodes was sold to a Jewish merchant, who basically hauled it away for scrap. Did this really happen? If so, do we know anything about this merchant or what he might have done with the remains? If not, do we know what actually happened?

My research has since graduate school revolved around issues in ancient political organization and scales of social identity (individual agency, corporate group, and ethnic identity). The sociopolitical system of the Tequila valleys, Jalisco, from ca. 1000 BC to AD 500 provides a distinctive case study in which power was shared between multiple lineages, subverting both individual identity and hierarchical power structures based on a single royal lineage. I have pursued this research through excavation at the settlements of Navajas and Llano Grande, study of the depiction of rulership in contemporary artwork, and computer simulation in collaboration with Dr. William Baden of Indiana-Purdue Fort Wayne. Dr. Verenice Heredia of the Colegio de Michoacan and I recently completed a survey of the Magdalena Lake Basin in central Jalisco that elaborates upon this research to evaluate the rise and demise of this political system.

A second research thread has been the integration of linguistic, biological, ethnohistoric, and archaeological evidence to investigate the introduction of Nahuatl speaking migrants into parts of highland Mesoamerica in the 6th century AD. A regional scale analysis identified a good degree of overlap between biology and the use of material culture, but a detailed site-specific study at Tula identified a much more complex situation in which migrants and the indigenous population used material culture to signal claims about identity and affiliation. Another study attempted a lower resolution comparison in central Jalisco, which turned out to have a strikingly different pattern of material culture. Much of this research has been in collaboration with Dr. Alec Christensen of JPAC-CILHI.

I will be here to answer your questions from 4pm to 7pm Mountain Standard Time.

I know that male circumcision had some health benefits back then (or so I've read) but how did Female Genital Mutilation become a thing in African muslim countries. I am especially curious about Egypt becuase they are the most "modern" country that still does it frequently (90% of the time according to wikipedia).

I know the basics of the French colonial situation there, but I'd like to know the specifics behind the creation of their writing system. Since the Vietnamese script is unique to Vietnam I assume that there was some conscious design behind it. Thanks for any answers!

The Maginot Line is an archetypal example of 'generals fighting the last war'. The Nazis famously just went around it through Belgium.

But, the Allies went through Germany's equivalent Siegfried Line.

Was the Siegfried Line not as defensible as the Maginot Line? How did the two lines compare in technology, etc?

It appears that everyone at the court of Justinian and even those outside of the court could still speak Latin in the 500s, but by Leo VI (900) it was almost exclusively the study of scholars.

Was there an equivalent term used, was it translated, or was the 'war' acknowledged at all?