Nuclear war is usually considered to mean the end of the world. At what point did it become factually true that the USA and USSR had stockpiles big enough that all life on the planet would be wiped out should it come to war? Was it around the hydrogen bomb development in the mid-50s, or later?

Our styles of fighting have changed a lot over time, but back then it was practically the same thing for a long while which involved up close and personal bashing each other with swords and stuff until they died. How did people deal with Trauma from such personal conflicts?

I know Portugal tried to integrate her colonies, both with the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves, and later by making them overseas provinces in the 1950s, and I know that France tried something similar with the French Union around that time, but did the Spanish Empire ever attempt to annex/integrate her massive colonial empire in the New World or in Asia?

Basically, I want to know about Christians before the Nician Creed, and what their relationship with magic might have been (since pagan religions used it quite a bit). Are there any records of Christian sects like the Gnostics using what might be considered 'occult' practices - such as ceremonies, prayers, spells, or practices that were later condemned after Catholicism took root? Any sources, books, or articles would be appreciated.

Or more generally, is there a time frame in western history when being "up to date" in clothing fashion became an important concern?

I'm currently reading The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, and each chapter cites to hundreds of unique sources. This got me wondering: during the research stage, how did the author capture the key information from hundreds or thousands of sources, and then how does the author organize the information into a way that facilitates marshalling it all into a narrative? I assume there are some sorts of formal note taking/cataloging systems historians can choose to use. What are they?

Considering how close and isolated Wales is to England why has the Welsh language lasted for so long? What kept it form dying off or being absorbed into English during the Anglo-Saxons?

I LOVE history, and I’m three semesters into a science undergrad. I wanna switch, but I don’t know anything about job prospects for history majors. Google didn’t help; any thoughts guys?

Hello, A level History Student here

The Soviets had spies within the Manhattan Project and vague knowledge on nuclear development. Yet it takes them four years to truly develop an atomic bomb in 1949

Why is that?

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any suggestion for books,articles or some 1st hand sources.

Are there any books in print that focus on the 1700s as a whole? Not a single event, like the Seven Years War, but the whole century.

I'm going through an oral history of WWII and came upon this:

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"Well, ninety of them—Marines killed ninety of them. They won’t tell you all that stuff, but we did. They killed three or four of us. We killed ninety of them, those … South Africans and the British Eighth Army. We had blocked off seven blocks, wasn’t nothing they could do about it but let us fight it out. And then the Eighth Army took their bunch and moved them further out and let the Marines hold on. What started the fight? I was there in the fight. Well, they had this big movie. So we was in the movie and the British National Anthem come 11 on, you know, playing their song and everything. And we stood up to it. We honored it. Then the American National Anthem came on playing the national anthem. They booed it, and when they booed it they was in trouble. The fight started there in that theater when they booed the American flag. Before it was over, we’d killed ninety of them, and they never did boo our flag anymore. That was the end of the booing of the American flag. That was in New Zealand."

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I want to learn everything I can about this incident. I keep getting hits for the Battle of Manners Street - it is not that. This stemmed from different motivations and took place in a different city (the incident I'm looking for happened in Auckland). This happened shortly after Guadalcanal and before Tarawa.

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Thank you for your help!

I want to think I’m looking at a fairly good representation of Classical Greece but it’s hard to know...

Given that the historical Jesus was Jewish, he obviously would not have looked like a white, western European. And I guess Jews like Jesus did not wear their hair and beards long?

So how can we imagine Jesus appropriately in terms of the evidence of the 1st century?