Iceland volcanos produce geothermal energy enough to heat 90% of houses and generate 27% of electricity. How did Medieval Icelanders use geothermal energy in their daily lives (e.g. heating, cooking, bathing)?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

A book on ancient empires?

I’m looking for a book on ancient empires like the Byzantine, Roman, Sassanian empire. But I don’t want something that’s too dry.

Please help.

2 Answers 2018-07-05

NPS Question.

Hey all! Hope everyone is having a good day. I’m in undergraduate school right now, and my dream is to work in public history, specifically with the National Parks Service. I was wondering if anyone on this sub had any experience working for the National Parks Service as a historian or public historian? If so what was it like? What advice do you have for me? Any comments are welcome and appreciated. Thank you!

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Why didn't the Norse attempt to settle on the island of Rügen?

Something that I've always wondered is why the Norse made no attempt to establish themselves on the German island of Rügen. It is located relatively close to both Denmark and Sweden, both countries (as far as I know) have actually owned the island in the past but this was well after they had been Christianised. With a more hospitable climate and closer proximity to the homeland than other areas of Norse settlement such as Iceland, I would have thought Rügen would have been a prime location for Norse activity.

1 Answers 2018-07-05

As both world wars progressed, did the quality of soldiers drop as reserves got depleted?

Naturally an army will put forward it's best soldiers first. As these soldiers get wounded or killed, and taken out of the battle, do armies get weaker as less experienced recruits are forced to enter the war?

This appears to be the case for Britain/France/Germany in WWI, as well as for Nazi Germany specifically in WWII.

Is this actually the case?

2 Answers 2018-07-05

Accuracy and inaccuracy in Historical Works

I've recently started reading more non-fiction, mainly historical biographies (just finished the first part in William Manchester's Churchill trilogy, The Last Lion). I enjoyed Manchester's style and the detail of the book and have since purchased most of his other works. In the search for more of his work and other great authors of history, I've come across a vein of ever present criticisms regarding the accuracy of Manchester's works and almost every other author in the historical genre (especially on subjects or eras of impassioned views like colonialism, racism, sexism, etc).

My instinct is that all historical authors are faced with critiques of inaccuracy and bias and that it's simply expected when trying to tell a story from the past. Should I just ignore the fringe critiques or should I seek out (if they exist) those most highly rated and decorated authors of history with minimal accusations of bias and inaccuracy? Do they even exist? If not, can one place any faith in the historical accounts without having to do extensive follow up research after reading? The idea was the author does the research so I don't have to.

2 Answers 2018-07-05

It is said that "history is written by the victors" - How do historians parse through contradicting historical accounts, some perhaps exaggerated or fictional to arrive at an accurate historical narrative, especially when "history" may have been written through bias?

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2 Answers 2018-07-05

Thursday Reading & Research | July 05, 2018

Previous weeks!

Thursday Reading and Research is intended as an academic free-for-all, for the discussion of all issues historical, or tangentially so. Suggested topics include, but are by no means limited to:

  • New developments or discoveries in the field

  • Recent book releases, old book reviews, reading recommendations, or just talking about what you're reading now

  • Historiographical discussions, debates, and disputes

  • Your current research interests or projects

  • The goings on within the academy

  • ...And so on!

Regular participants in the Thursday threads should just keep doing what they've been doing; newcomers should take notice that this thread is meant for open discussion only of matters historical discussion, not just anything you like -- we'll have a thread on Friday for that, as usual.

2 Answers 2018-07-05

Is it possible to trace when/where/with whom an ancestor served with in the Military?

I'm doing some semi light research on my family tree (left behind from a Great Grandfather that died some years ago) and I have a few relatives that I know served during the Great War (other family members have told me). However, these relatives never spoke of their experiences and are all now dead. Is it possible to find where/when or with whom they served? I'll be grateful for any help! If it's any help, I live and we're from the UK :)

1 Answers 2018-07-05

How did people synchronize their clocks around 1750?

Hi there,

I'm researching about historic letter writing & sending (in western europe) and I stumbled upon a problem I wasn't able to solve.

I know that time / clocks were widely synchronized at least around 1850 when trains and factories became popular.

But there are some strict appointments with explicit time specifications at least up from around 1750.

One example is a book like this from 1787. Those books were very popular at this time. In these books, the specific time was announced for when the „riding mailmen“ (postillon) or the mail coach/stagecoach arrived, so you could give them your mail or you could travel with this coaches - so it works like a schedule. There are precise times like „every sunday at 8 o'clock in the morning“ or "every friday night at 9 o'clock".

I see how this might work if it's only inside one town - but those 'schedule books' included nearly every larger town that was connected to the mail network.

So my question is: How did they knew the time? Did they synchronize their clocks somehow? Or did those specified times only apply inside the said town? (Like: You come to one town, you adjust your watch to the 'town time'?)

It would be perfect if someone could recommend me some literature (or a reddit thread I didn't find in my former research, or some kind of source).

Thank you in advance!

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Why did Alexander the Great head East to try and conquer India, which was further away than head West and conquer the still young and developing Roman Republic? Rome was closer and recently involved in some wars, wouldn’t it have been easier to invade the Italian Peninsula? I know King Phyrrus tried

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Natives and European colonization

With the fourth of July being just yesterday, many people have been discussing how we stole this land out from under natives. If I remember correctly, natives tended to always raid and steal from each other as well, this was a normal occurrence around this time around the globe, but the second we came in and took over, killing many yes, but also supplying superior technology to a lacking populace. Anyways that's what I thought happened but I am not to sure I have any of that correctly. I've tried to do my research but everything seems so biased. My question is am I correct? And is it as complex as I think it to be or are we outright villains in the story?

P.S. I have no source backing for any of that outside of random things I picked up over time. As such I'm very open to the idea of being completly incorrect.

1 Answers 2018-07-05

How monotheistic were ancient Andean cultures?

I am listening to a Great Courses lecture called "Lost World's of South America."

In this lecture series Dr. Edwin Barnhart makes the argument that the Andean civilizations up to the Inca were largely monotheistic. He equates a deity often known as the staff god or Viracocha with something he calls the fanged god. He gives examples of this God at many archaeology sites. He goes so far as to claim all the different Andean cultures are worshiping the same God and do so in a monotheistic manner.

This lecture series is from a few years back now and I was wondering if this thesis of Dr. Barnhart's has become Orthodoxy or has been refuted.

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Woolen fishbone patter sources of 14-15 Century?

As a part of my new reenactment company, I need to present proof of each clothing piece. I'm left with my cap and hood to find, since I wasn't able to find any proof of a fishbone pattern. Was it a mistake from me to sew something before checking, or is there any proof of it?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

What happened to the Western Front frontlines after the end of the World War I? How long did the “cleanup” take?

We’re talking about complex systems of trenches, fortifications and positions spanning hundreds of kilometers, with thousands of big siege guns placed throughout. Did the Entente military powers do any cleanup after the war? Or was it left to the locals? Were things like big guns and fortifications deemed too costly to bring back home(especially by the US and UK) and left there(maybe donated to the French)? Were any small arms/machine guns or anything that could be used by individual civilian looters left behind? What would I see if I visited Somme/Loos/Ypres etc. in 1920? 1925? 1930?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

The Roman pantheon seems to roughly correspond with the Greek one (Jupiter is comparable to Zeus, Neptune is comparable to Poseidon, etc); were they in fact related? Did the Roman pantheon derive from the Greek one, or was the relationship somehow different? How is Apollo is present in both?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

How did colonists procure weaponry for the American Revolution?

Were the weapons mostly owned by colonists and brought along? Were they purchased, confiscated, collected, manufactured? How did the rebellion manage their logistics of supplying enough weaponry for their soldiers?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Are the habsburgs still living on in other royal families around europe

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2 Answers 2018-07-05

AMLO, Mexico's new president elect, has often been likened to Hugo Chávez by his right-wing detractors. Was his predecessor, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, similarly likened to Fidel Castro by his own right-wing detractors?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

How did the church retaliate or what was their reaction to the governments' decision on making the christian country secular?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Did Canada really offer to sell wheat/food on credit to China during the Great Chinese Famine 1959-1961?

I've heard arguments that around the time of the Great Chinese Famine, farmers in Canada were struggling to sell their crops and thus the Canadian government offered to sell these crops to China on credit. Is this true? If so, how much wheat/crops did Canada sell to China during the Great Chinese Famine?

I've attempted to do a search myself but was unable to find supporting evidence.

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Why was slavery a thing in the early US when the declaration of independence specifies that all men are created equal?

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1 Answers 2018-07-05

Why did moctezuma thought Cortes was the Aztec god quetzalcoatl

1 Answers 2018-07-05

Why was the Aztec life expectancy only 37 years?

1 Answers 2018-07-05

When would the King of England have gotten word that the Declaration of Independence had been signed?

How long would it have taken for word of the signing, or a copy of the document to make it to England at that time? Is it known what day our secession from the British Empire was officially acknowledged? Additionally, how was it received by the King? Thanks, and happy 4th!

2 Answers 2018-07-05

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