Could climate have been a significant factor on the unique forms of development and growth of cultures, thus explaining why certain cultures ended up exploring others?

When searching about this subject I came across this thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2000lw/why_didnt_native_american_and_african/

And the answers were very informative and helpful. I live in Brazil, and when I wonder about the history of my country, I find myself questioning why the native population was dominated and largely executed by another culture. Thinking about how the human ancestors of the native american, african, european and asian are probably very close, I can't stop considering climate differences as a factor in the formation of cultures. With exceptions, great part of the tropical societies of the world were colonized by europeans and others. Could it be possible that the difficult cold climate of the european region - something that is negative to agriculture and also brings people together, in the sense of promoting the development of refuges from the cold (that could become cities) - have induced the exploration of further lands? And could it be that the climate prompted a "need" to the creation of ships and armory and weapons, which wasn't ever the case for the thriving successfully managed tropical societies, who had plentiful resources to live by, thus becoming "vulnerable" to attacks? I'm sorry if I sound rude in any way. I am a biologist, but I am really interested in history. I want to make it very clear that in any way I am considering the colonizing societies of the Age of Discovery more evolved than the others. I really would like an anthopological approach on this matter. Living on an ex-european colony I find myself very intrigued with all of the scars from the exploration and slavery era. I believe all cultures are beautiful on their way, and I do not agree with social darwinism. Sorry for the very long text.

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Experts of Herodotus, Persia and Attic Greek, I need your help!

So the English translation I have of Herodotus gives this description of the appearance of the Persians:

"The Persians with this equipment:—about their heads they had soft felt caps called tiaras, and about their body tunics of various colours with sleeves, presenting the appearance of iron scales like those of a fish."

The common interpretation is that Herodotus is describing the Persians wearing armor. However, the sentence reads to me like here is merely saying the tunics have the appearance of iron scales due to their colors and pattern.

How would the sentence have been presented in the original Greek? What is the correct view of the passage?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Do you see many women working in history fields?

I have never met a girl who is legitimately interested in history, especially military history, in my life. I've met plenty who are somewhat knowledgeable about the subject, but they don't have any hobbies related to it. I've had a history teacher who is a woman, but she told me that she enjoys working with kids more than the actual subject. Am I just blind? I'm not looking for dating advise nor am I trying to confirm any prejudice, I'm just legitimately curious if any of you have met any women who are passionate about a field of history, since I swear I've never seen it myself.

3 Answers 2017-02-07

In 1943 Germany raised the 12 SS-Pz Div Hitlerjugend comprising 16/17 yr olds, which saw fierce fighting post D-Day. Were any studies or information (interviews, etc) produced, at the time, examining the effects of fighting against child soldiers?

For context, recent concern over the employment of child soldiers in Africa has lead the Canadian military to work on guidelines for troops that may come into contact with child soldiers. Ref:

https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2016/12/01/canadian-military-to-get-guidelines-on-dealing-with-child-soldiers.html

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/canadian-military-to-become-first-to-issue-guidelines-on-child-soldiers/article33910719/

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Anybody willing to help me choose a research topic?

Hello,

Throughout this semester, my professor is expecting students to select a topic to research, study, and analyze. The class focuses on Pre-Columbian period through the end of the Civil War (1865). Topics could include subjects such as immigration, sex and relationships, incarceration, popular culture, partisanship in American politics, the increased role of the federal government, terrorism, class divisions, education, etc.) I would like to research a topic that differs from my classmates. Based on a survey it seemed like everybody was choosing to research the Salem Witch trials, Civil War, and Slavery. I know these topics are very broad but I would like one that not many people would know about. Any suggestions?

3 Answers 2017-02-07

In the early days of the U.S., was it common for judges, justices, or legal council to simply contact the surviving framers of the Constitution to determine original intent?

If a Supreme Court case was attempting to determine the framers' intent concerning a certain passage of the Constitution for example, would a justice or attorney have contacted James Madison or another framer to determine what he/they meant when it was written?

3 Answers 2017-02-07

In WW2, how close were Spain and Portugal to joining the Axis?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

How did the Arabs and Persians feel about Adolf Hitler during WW2? What was the Germans feeling towards Arabs during the Armenian genocide?

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1 Answers 2017-02-07

Recommended books on the Italian Revolution/Risorgimento?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

What did Louis XVII do and why isn't he mentioned in history classes?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

What is the purpose of the armband bartenders are depicted as wearing in the old west and did they ever wear them?

I was watching BTTF 3 and it showed the bartender and he was wearing a armband halfway between his elbow and shoulder. Did they ever really wear them and if so what was the purpose? Was it to hold bills or was it just a fashion thing.

1 Answers 2017-02-07

What Was The Reason For Baruch Spinoza's Expulsion From The Jewish Community?

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1 Answers 2017-02-07

How did colonial powers convince native populations from areas they colonized to fight for the colonial nations?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Contact between Asia and North America before Russians?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Was the decimation of native populations by disease avoidable?

As in, were there actions taken by Europeans during the Columbian Exchange which contributed to or detracted from epidemics?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

Are there any historians, besides Kuhn, that have focused on a scientific view of history?

1 Answers 2017-02-07

The superbowl halftime show is arguably more popular than the game itself. At what point did this happen, when people would tune in even if they didn't like the sport? Was it seen as controversial?

I don't see this being a recent event. I remember at a young age hearing my moms friends talking about how they'll only watch because xyz was playing.

1 Answers 2017-02-07

How did Johnson handle the war in Vietnam?

He seems to have taken the loss very personally shown by him deciding against running in the 1968 Presidential race. I was told that there is a famous picture of him looking disheveled and troubled near the end of his presidency. My question mainly revolves around how he dealt with Vietnam and the role McNamara and Westmoreland played in the decisions. Any information regarding these topics would be monumentally helpful.

2 Answers 2017-02-07

How did humans clean their teeth before the invention of toothpaste, toothbrushes, etc.?

2 Answers 2017-02-06

Why is Pol Pot so much less known in the west than Hitler or Stalin?

I'm mainly asking why, when we talk about dictators committing genocide; nobody really mentions Pol Pot and the killing fields?

1 Answers 2017-02-06

[Native America] Did any Eastern Woodland tribes adopt use of the horse?

The horse was brought over by conquistadores but I've only read of tribes west of the Mississippi making use of them. Did cultures east of the Mississippi make any use of horses? Certainly over 200 years, the Eastern tribes eventually had access to horses the French, Dutch, Swedes, & English brought over that would eventually become lost & stolen as they were from the Spanish, no?

1 Answers 2017-02-06

Did the Japanese language itself impede the ability of Japanese naval commanders to communicate/strategize on-the-fly during WWII?

I'm reading Churchill's biography of WWII, and during his discussion of one of the early naval battles after Pearl Harbor (I can't remember which one, but I think the observation comes from "The Grand Alliance"), he comments that the Japanese language was ill-suited for naval command -- in other words, that it was somehow more difficult to communicate because of the language. Was Churchill just stereotyping, or is there any other evidence of this?

1 Answers 2017-02-06

Has there ever been a "vote of no confidence" in the United States?

I know that it is possible to hold a vote like this in British Parliament, but I was curious if there has ever been one in US Congress. And if not, is it legal? Is there a precedent for it?

1 Answers 2017-02-06

The United States is infamous for its tendency to unilaterally abrogate or just quietly ignore treaty obligations with Native American polities. Were treaties with Native Americans more broadly respected in the rest of the Americas?

What's the record of Portugal, or independent Brazil, with regard to treaties with American Indian tribal authorities?

What about Spain, and the subsequent independent Spanish-speaking states of the Americas?

What about Canada and the British Caribbean islands like Jamaica?

1 Answers 2017-02-06

I am a gay man in the Confederacy during the Civil war. Do I keep quiet about it, or can I live with my partner without harassment/possible prosecution? What if I were conscripted in the military? How would I be viewed and treated, if I were even allowed to serve at all?

More specifically, were there any progress (or, regression), on the issue of gay rights in the Confederacy during the Civil War, or, did the war make social issues take a backseat during that time?

Did the Deep South have religious sentiments run as high then? What influence, if any, did that have on gay rights to them, if any?

Thanks for any insight.

1 Answers 2017-02-06

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