For example in the Caribbean or Africa?
2 Answers 2016-06-06
I mean this from a logistical perspective.
I saw this photo of Warsaw in 1945 and it got me thinking, practically every building has been completely destroyed. (http://imgur.com/gBlTzur) It seems like an impossible task to turn ruins back into a functioning metropolis.
Do they just completely disintegrate them and start again? Where do they put the rubble, do they reuse it?
How are goods transported on destroyed roads?
Where do people live? There is no running water or food surely?
What about Law and Order?
1 Answers 2016-06-06
Isn't technology linear? Also, why is the west so dominant when compared to other once great civilizations?
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I understand that the Roman Republic used it as an execution site fro murderers and other crimes.
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According to wiki, there are three basic themes to manifest destiny:
*The special virtues of the American people and their institutions
*America's mission to redeem and remake the west in the image of agrarian America
*An irresistible destiny to accomplish this essential duty
Did other countries have any similar period?
1 Answers 2016-06-06
I see a lot of people on the internet claim there were 90 to 100 natives living in the U.S. pre-colonization, but I'm pretty sure that number is what the estimated population of North and South America was at the time, correct? Does anyone have any idea roughly what the number was inside the actual United States?
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Were there any particular army/nation that had an exceptional amount in their ranks comparative to others?
Also, side question: how common were exotic war machines such as, for example, Da Vinci's "horse drawn war tank" ?
1 Answers 2016-06-06
It seems more than most former presidents, opinions about Reagan and his time in office different the most. Some conservatives act like he was the best thing that ever happened to American, and some liberals act like he was the worst thing. Historically, what did he do to cause such a rift in opinion about him?
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How did the germans view themselves during 1930? and how did other countries view Germany at the same time? Following question: How did that opinion change in 1939?
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What if building pyramids was a purpose to itself? We know just how much effort it took for their society to organize construction of pyramids, even to the point of every single part and class of society directly or indirectly being involved in it for decades or longer, resources being obtained and spared for their construction, people put to hard and intense work, trade that developed from it and so on.
Now, I understand they did have their purposes and many more theories about other purposes do exists, I don't deny it or claim they are obsolete big rocks, but just how enormous they are and how much effort it took makes me wonder: was this the way how Egyptians in fact organized and controlled their society? By ordering construction of these huge monuments all across the land, bigger and smaller, in a lot of communities. With purpose to put people to work in a lot of different fields, to make living possible, to make civilizational growth possible and ultimately, so that rulling elites would stay on top controlling people with religion, while sharing precious knowledge of mathematics, architecture and writing only within their circles. It would actually be a genius way to make everything work and life there possible. They're even shaped like well, pyramids, where every level knows its place and everything works like charm as long as it remains so. Almost like a perfect ant colony.
Of course, to make your society work and sustain itself you need a goal, bigger one than bare survival. In such a society, setting this goal of building a monument that will require just about anyone's effort is ideal to have a prosperous, even content society.
1 Answers 2016-06-06
Hi, I am very interested in Otto Von Bismarck after I learnt about him a year ago in my history class. However, I am trying to find sources or even other peoples ideas as to how important Bismarck was in the unification of Germany. Currently, through research, I would suggest that Otto Von Bismarck acted as a catalyst that sped up a movement already present as he capitalized on existing German culture (especially language) in order to create a unified state, however it can be said that this would have happened regardless. A counterargument can be said that although a German identity was present and a state may have eventually been established, the integrity of this state would come into question as other existing powers such as Austria and France would have posed a threat. Please feel free to comment or even just provide sources/ links for further reading
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Before Eisenhower arrived Churchill was largely able to decide strategy and the direction of the war himself while working with the War Cabinet and the Imperial General Staff. What was the relationship with Eisenhower and Churchill like?
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I don't know too much about it and I was wondering, was it a full-on social class or was it like "combined" with another social class? Like where there equestrian plebs? Equestrian patricians? Or was it completely on its own?
1 Answers 2016-06-06
Hello and welcome to another edition of Monday Methods! I'm filling in for /u/commustar, who will be absent for a couple of weeks, and so I hope I don't screw anything up too badly.
For today's methods discussion, I want to turn to a topic proposed by /u/cordis_melum.
It's fairly commonplace in the historical community to talk about the frameworks, or lenses, that we use to discover history -- from "great man" history to economic history to subaltern history to labor history to women's history, there are many ways a historian can choose to look at their subject.
We've talked rather narrowly before about some of these theories, in past MM threads on Women's History and Subaltern History and probably others that I'm forgetting about.
But for today's roundtable, let's talk about the power of combination.
What happens when we combine those lenses? To quote /u/commustar's example in our discussion:
What happens when we combine womens history and economic history? Can you look at art history within labor history? Is there a limit to the number of lenses you can combine before it gets murky?
Folks, what do you think? What's the new hotness in historical method that's tugging at your mind?
2 Answers 2016-06-06
"Operation Sealion was impossible."
"No, it wasn't! The British were in disarray after Dunkirk."
"But the Royal Navy was still in the way."
"If you go back, the Germans could've built a navy in time to pull off Sealion."
"The British would've responded to a naval buildup."
"No they wouldn't, you Anglophile!"
"Fascist!"
Hi, I'm /u/The_Alaskan. You may remember me from such posts as "Hey Comrade, Where's my Concorde?" and "Andrew Jackson's Amazing Swearing Parrot." Today, I'm here to talk about something else very important: Counterfactuals.
"Mr. McClure Alaskan, what's a counterfactual?"
Great question, Sally. "Counterfactual" comes from the Middle English word "counter," meaning "in opposition to" or "against" and the word "factual," meaning "factual."
In other words, it's a what-if question.
Have you ever wondered what the world might look like if you woke up on the opposite side of the bed or if you put your pants on left leg first instead of right leg first? Have you ever wondered what the world might look like if the Mulovskii expedition of 1787 had not been canceled by another Russo-Turkish War and had instead circumnavigated the world as planned?
Those are counterfactuals.
"Gee, Mr. The_Alaskan, that sounds complicated!"
There's where you're wrong, Sally. Counterfactuals are very easy. They require nothing but speculation, and that's why they're forbidden on /r/askhistorians along with all other types of speculation.
"But why?!"
History isn't a science, Sally. We can't suggest a hypothesis, then go out and test a historical theory in an experiment. We only have one Earth to examine, and we can't run it reverse, so we build history on rhetoric, data and logic, not with testing. History grows and develops through re-examination and reinterpretation of the data we already have.
That data might be buried in a lost archive or hidden in a dusty folder somewhere, but it already exists. We might apply a new analysis to it -- think of the recent surge in environmental history -- but we're still not creating new data. We're simply reinterpreting it.
That's why counterfactuals are, to borrow a word from British historian Edward Palmer Thompson, Geschichtswissenschlopff ─ "unhistorical shit."
Counterfactuals require us to create new data, new experiences. They're not history ─ they're fiction. Because of that, they don't fit in /r/askhistorians. As /u/restricteddata said in the last Rules Roundtable it takes a lot of work to get into the mind of a historical figure. Do that without care, and you're not doing history.
As Richard Evans (who /r/askhistorians loves to recommend for Hitler-related questions) said in 2014, "What if is a waste of time."
That isn't to say that what-if isn't fun. Harry Turtledove is a best-selling author because of it. S.M. Stirling, Eric Flint and Peter Tsouras have made reliable work of the what-if game. But if you look at their books, they're shelved in the fiction section, not the nonfiction section. Alternate histories tell a story. They don't tell the truth.
What's more, they can be endlessly debated without any hope of defining what "would happen." Hitler might stub his toe and change his mind about invading Greece. Aliens might decide to drop in during the middle of World War II.
The what-if game is just that ─ a game ─ and it doesn't belong on /r/askhistorians.
"Gee, Mr. Alaskan ... that's pretty mean."
Well, aren't you an uppity little rhetorical device. There's always /r/HistoryWhatIf for those urgent what-if questions. It's also important to note that the /r/askhistorians mods won't remove questions that imply a counterfactual, just those that state a counterfactual outright. It's also possible to answer some hypothetical questions (like "What would Nazi Germany have done if it defeated the Soviet Union") by referring to existing documents. Just be sure to be as specific as possible. If a question doesn't require a counterfactual to be answered wholly and completely, it'll likely stay.
4 Answers 2016-06-06