What happened if someone got injured playing ollamaliztli (version of Mesoamerican ballgame)? How did doctors/midwives/healers (?) handle difficult childbirths? Did poor people have less access to treatment than the elite?

I invite answers from people versed in diverse Mesoamerican civilizations. And to increase the pool of potential answers, earlier than 1400 would also be terrific. :)

Some people are vegetarians.

Other people are religious and can only eat certain foods/forbidden from eating certain foods.

How was this dealt with?

Because I imagine there would be no barriers on sexuality without religions such as Christianity.

Russia acquired a huge empire before the Industrial Revolution. The vast area of Siberia provided little commercial opportunities. It didn't have much useful mineral resources, such as the silver mines in Americas or gold mines in South Africa. It didn't even provide good lands for agriculture. The steppe land in Ukraine was more than enough for grain harvest. Russia herself was thinly populated, and a huge empire posed all kinds of problems for administration.

So why did they keep pushing eastwards?

What're the common cloth materials for ordinary folks before cotton was introduced into Europe from India? Linen and wool were produced, but they must be quite expensive.

If I'm not mistaken, the Holy Roman Empire was designed to protect, and to a certain degree hold peace within its borders. What would the reaction inside the empire be if the elected emperor, Charles V as an example, would forcibly annex one or more member states? How would the HRE members react, and what actions would be done? How would this differ from an outside country, like France, annexing territory that was in the HRE?

Present time for context: The world is becoming digital. I live in Sweden, and I only know of two or three bank offices that handle cash. More and more venues accept card only. Most communication with government agencies is done online (e.g filing your taxes), and using your banks services is done online. Email is a must. Having basic knowledge of computers is important in almost every job imaginable. Yet there are people who don't even know how to check their email, who can't open a word processor. I call them "tech-illiterates". None of them seem to be ashamed, they just laugh it off by saying something like "haha, I don't even know how to send texts from my phone". I don't think it's a joke, not knowing these things in today's society makes you very vulnerable, yet the stigma still doesn't seem as high as not being able to write and read.

Historical question: Was there ever a time in history, a transition period perhaps, where more and more people learned how to read and write but those who didn't just laughed it off as not a big deal? Are there historical documents portraying illiterates as something negative?

I'm also interested in which groups it developed in particularly, how widespread and influential they were, and how common the belief is today. I've seen some talking about it on the internet, but I don't know how common it actually it is.

Recently I was trying to convince someone that homosexuals and bisexuals are not a modern development, but have always existed (which is an obvious enough statement that I'm not asking it on this forum). I used the example of James I, often claimed to be a bisexual. But how likely is that he actually was bisexual, and not just someone accused of being so?

The Holy Roman Empire had a punishment called "imperial ban", what were the consequences? Could someone invade Austria when Frederick IV, Duke of Austria was under imperial ban (he supported the Antipope)

For example, lets say that there's an ancient Greek writer who has some choice words about a particular politician. Is there any way that historians can determine how common that opinion was among the rest of the population?

A little background: Ihave my BA in Military History I'm an American living overseas and when I get back to the states I would like to pursue my Masters Degree in Social Anthropology. I would eventually like to focus and write on the effects of psychological warfare for both the individual (or society) using it and those on the receiving end.

I need advice on what language to study. Spanish is my go to because of how often it is spoken in America. Of course there are fierce warrior cultures that could be studied in South America but this doesn't really interest me that much. I've considered German or another Netherlands language mainly because of Viking history. I know this is a question about anthropology grad school but history and anthro go hand in hand. Any advice is welcome if there is a better reddit for me to post this to let me know. Thank you!

To be more specific, let's say woodlands period (1000 BC-1000 AD) Wisconsin or Great Lakes region.

How did 'being famous' work out in the USSR and its satellites? Was there a celebrity culture, like in the west? If yes, were there differences in which profession became celebrities (think movie stars, directors, specific sports)?

I would be glad to read anything that relates to the general topic, as asking more specific questions would somewhat necessasitate knowing the culture in the first place.

Thank you!

Whenever talking about WWII, we tend to look at solely the militaristic advances by the allies and axis. How did the Axis ensure their demise internally?

[deleted]