Hi as in the western world practiced we use a calendar that is supposed to start with the birth the so called Son of God. In Islam they do the same just with Mohammad leaving Mekka. But before that, calendars were already used. So I'm assuming that the "older cultures" also used some kind of amazing event as a startpoint of their calendars, so what are some of those? Doesn't matter to me if roman calendar, buddhist calendar, jewish calendar or whatever. And at what year was the roman calendar when Jesus was born ?

What were the reasons for each mission? What did we achieve/learn from each mission?

I was watching a nice little documentary on Castles on the BBC the other day, and the presenter was talking about castles being a force multiplier, and saying things like "Whoever controlled Stirling Castle controlled the whole of Scotland", or "Edward's castles in Wales exerted English control over the country".

It occurred to me that I'm not entirely sure exactly how that worked - how the existence of a castle in Stirling can have an effect on the surrounding countryside (even allowing for hyperbole like "the whole of Scotland"). I'm assuming that soldiers from the castle can patrol the area, block roads and so on, but it's always just sort of expressed as a given...

Today I read a comment on youtube saying that the US distributed flyers warning that some cities in Japan would be bombed and that the people from there should evacuate as quickly as possible. I googled it and found websites saying it too, but none had any credited source for it. Anyone can confirm (or negate) it?

I understand that the Swedish were helping later because they were protestant, but why did the Spanish join to begin with? Also i wondered how the Spanish armies got to germany. They obviously must've travelled through France, how was this percieved by France?

Specifically the Third Crusade

I know there were over 2000 Kamakazi attacks that had sunk 36 US Navy ships but I never heard the total number lost throughout the entire war. Also I hardly know a thing about the Korean war and was wondering if there was any large clashes at sea. All I hear about is the land fighting. I know I can Google this stuff but you guys are great with this stuff and always give more of an insight. Thank you!

Today, they seem to be the closest of allies.

Did that take a long time?

I know there are a lot of good book recommendations, but I don't really know any decent documentaries. For instance, today I was looking for a documentary about the American Revolution (mostly the causes and overarching themes of the war, as well as the direct fallout), but I couldn't find any reviews here or elsewhere that would tell me which documentaries were complete BS and which were good.

I'm aware that Christianity had some influence before Japan was closed off to most foreigners, but how ddi it persist during the Edo period? If the Tokugawa shogunate suppressed Western influences, including Christianity, so much, why did many Japanese people still continue to embrace it despite persecution?

I asked this question in /r/explainitlikeimfive, but I'd like to inquire a more credible subreddit.

It seems that drinking wine and beer was extremely common compared to drinking water (the information I'm operating under), however there doesn't seem to be any indication of exceptionally high rates of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Is it possible this was because infant mortality was so high, or maybe because the mother's body was so acclimated to drinking?

Thank you for your help in advance, Historians!

I've heard it's linked to Saturnalia, but don't know how accurate that is.

My uncle has gone through some tough times lately and I'd like to give him something that will pleasantly surprise him. He's into WWI/WWII, general European (Henry VIII/Elizabethan times), almost anything war-related. Trying to keep it under ~$100 but if it's friggin amazing I'll stretch. Thanks!

I am in desperate need of help for my final. I am so overrun with studies that I am freaking out. How do China, Japan, and Korea compare? Did they influence eachother during modernization?

Wars dominate Western European history, but it's hard to imagine two Western European countries warring today. Why is that? Is it because our economies are more intertwined? Because mass-communication has made people from distant places more accessible, less scary, and more human? Or is it because history is taught in such a way to overly emphasize periods of war, giving us the illusion that war was a near-constant?

I suppose it's a question about ancient court politics and will vary depending on who you choose. Since I was reading about Cleopatra, who was stylized in the manner of Isis, I have to wonder how much political gain there was to be had in this posturing. No one vying for power could walk into court one day and say, "By the way, I'm a God." They would get laughed at by the other nobles, right? No smart general would choose to side with someone who pulls such a stunt, but it seems to be very common in ancient history, and can even be seen to an extent now in North Korea with the 'deification' of the Kims.

Basically, what was the MO of these claims? Did the titles and accolades have to be thrust upon these people by the peasants, or was an alliance with the clergy something of a necessity? How did the claim of divinity evolve, as well as the public perception of it? How many rulers did this end up undoing because it 'went to their head' and they developed a superiority complex?

Is there a pattern? When a person claims divinity does it tend to follow a archetype? What I mean by that is this; does the person first have to come into some modicum of power, followed by some major military or political success, with rumors evolving around them which they come to embrace?

I apologize if those post is too open ended with the guidelines, but I am not a historian so I don't entirely know how to pose good historical questions.

I'm in a argument with my teacher about this, I keep finding evidence that he did reintroduce slavery, when I ask my teacher for proof, all he says is "I don't need to prove you anything." I need some information about this, to either prove him wrong or I'm wrong. Thank you