I know how ship battles worked in earlier times, but I've never really had a clear picture of this.

It is known that there were Soviet troops and advisers present in North Vietnam, but I am having trouble finding sources on pilots. Were there any pilots actively flying and engaging US forces like what happened in the Korean War? If so, any additional statistics or further reading on combat would be greatly appreciated.

Hello r/AskHistorians,

I'm a history student in college and am currently working on a semester project focusing on my chosen topic of the Opium Wars. I have been reading Peter Ward Fay's The Opium War, 1840-1842 which is useful but seems to mostly center around Western perspectives. In particular I am looking for more primary sources from Chinese perspectives. Any direction you guys can provide would be immensely appreciated.

Considering it's a fairly long distance to Mecca from Southeast Asia.

Now before you assume i don't know who Lee Harvey Oswald is, please consider i had not missed a whole month of 9th grade humanities or have been living under a rock my whole life. I'd like some clarification on every small detail as the large debate over who killed mister president. I bring this question under the spotlight because i had just read a fresh article released on October, 9, 2017. The article boasts the government, protected documents are to be released by 2017. I would love to know some backround information, context and even speculation before i see these documents to get a better grasp of what they mean, because quite frankly im super excited with too little knowledge about the topic.

I have a couple ideas but can't quite put my finger on the right ones. Was it the fear of them losing their grasp on people mealy being subjects of the government where they had absolute power? Fear of them being too socialist in a sense of Marxist thought? Or was it the failure of the German government to feed and support it's people after the war when starvation and economic depression set in?

I was looking up a 13th century recipe for a pine nut candy and came across an ingredient called Thriddendele. What is it?

*Edit:”an”, not “and”...

With all that is going on right now, I was wondering whether this concern is new, or whether this happened before. Since at least in my perception the US and the Soviet Union were far more hostile during the Cold War than the US and Russia are now, I would guess it did but I don't know of any examples.

I am sorry if this question was asked before, I tried Google and the Reddit search function but couldn't find anything.

And if not why?

How much was brought back to Spain, and what did it get spent on?

Wars? Ships? Infrastructure?

In presidential elections, how often do members of the same party run in the primaries against the incumbent? The Ken Burns Vietnam documentary has me wondering this since a few politicians tried to go up against LBJ. I was born in 1983 and can't recall if this has happened in my lifetime.

If it actually was the case that the world knew the world was round before Columbus how did this myth start?

My question is multifaceted and I am very interested in the power struggles in NK.

• Who were the other powerplayers in early NK history? Who were competing for power in NK politics.

• Why the Kim dynasty?

• How did the Kim dynasty cement itself? How did it go to party secretary for life, to adding in use of family succession?

It seems almost absurd to think about. I know that the historical consensus now is that disease is not really that big of a factor in new world conquest in the 16th century. But like, how could a band of a few hundred Spaniards conquer the huge empires of Central and South America.

Did they ever run out of ammunition and gunpowder? Wouldn't have taken a long time to reload?

I don’t know if this is the right place but I was listening to the Hamilton soundtrack again. Now I know it’s a musical but it got me thinking about how the British and Americans sound so different now, if they sounded any different back then?

When wittman ambushed and routed them all by himself in his tiger tank, what was this battalion's total size, composition, equipment used?

Also, what consequences did it face when their supperiors knew of this disaster?

Can you recommend me a book about the history of the viking exploration / colonisation efforts / native interactions in North America? I'm thinking about reading the Vinland Sagas, but would love to hear your recommendations specifically.

As a young boy, King Harald Fairhair of Norway (c. 850 - c.930) is supposed to have sent one of his young sons to be fostered or educated by King Æthelstan in England. The son, Håkon (c. 918 – c. 961), thereafter known as Adalsteinsfostre (Aðalsteinsfóstri lit. “Æthelstan-fostered”), would later return from England and claim the throne in his own right, becoming Håkon I of Norway.

Our sources, both for Harald and Håkon are fairly poor. What little there is has largely come down to us in the form of sagas written centuries after their deaths. Yet my brief “popular-history” knowledge of Håkon’s early years piqued my interest, and I’m guessing our knowledge of the workings of the Anglo-Saxon court is probably somewhat better than of the contemporary Norwegian one.

• How common would it have been for foreign royalty to have sent their kin to be raised and educated in the Anglo-Saxon tradition?
• Was it a tradition founded in order to cement alliances or build relations?
• Would rulers or nobles who sent their children away in this way be expected to pay or compensate the foster father in any way?
• Was there a genuine belief among nobles that the knowledge gained from “outsourcing” education in this way would better prepare the child in question for the challenges they were likely to face as an adult?
• What kind of education or training would these boys or girls have received, and from whom?

Add to that a couple of questions more specific to Håkon’s case.

• Æthelstan was a son Edward the Elder and grandson of Alfred the Great, both of whom fought bloody wars against Vikings. Håkon’s arrival at Æthelstan’s court must have taken place within living memory of these events. Given this history of conflict between the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse, how antagonistic/peaceful were relations between these cultures at this time? Would this have been an issue of concern for either Æthelstan or Håkon?
• Håkon’s father was a pagan, and the boy (who is supposed to have reigned as Norway’s first Christian king) was probably not baptised until after arriving in England. To what an extent would Æthelstan’s acceptance of a pagan royal son into his court have raised eyebrows? Would Håkon’s eventual baptism have been a precondition of Æthelstan agreeing to foster him?

I'm not expecting an answer to all of the above questions. I'd welcome any attempt to shed some light on one or more of them, however.