Happy New Year! As it is now 2014, the outward limit of the 'twenty-year rule' in AskHistorians has ticked ahead once more -- let's talk about 1994.

As you've no doubt discovered while reading the questions and answers offered in /r/AskHistorians, in a bid to keep the focus off of current events (and, moreover, current politics) we have chosen to enact a not-always-elegant and not-always-total ban on discussions of events that had taken place less than 20 years ago. Up until yesterday, that cut us off at the end of 1993 -- but no longer.

1994 is now open for business!

And what a year it was! Here are some of the highlights:

  • Designated by the United Nations as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal.

  • Finland and Sweden vote to join the European Union.

  • Jan. 1: The establishment of NAFTA

  • Jan. 14: U.S. President Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin Accords

  • Feb. 12: Edvard Munch's famous painting "The Scream" is stolen from a museum in Oslo

  • Feb. 12: Opening of the Winter Olympics in Lillehammer

  • March 1-ish: China connects to the Internet for the first time

  • March 1: Justin Bieber born

  • March 12: First female priests in Church of England ordained

  • March 27: Silvio Berlusconi elected Prime Minister of Italy

  • March 31: Confirmed report of the discovery of the first complete Australopithecus afarensis skull

  • April 7: The Rwandan Genocide begins

  • April 8: Kurt Cobain of the popular band Nirvana found dead

  • April 22: Death of controversial former U.S. President Richard Nixon

  • April 27: The first multi-racial elections in South African history mark the formal end of Apartheid; Nelson Mandela elected president

  • May 1: Death of Ayrton Senna, internationally celebrated Formula One champion, in an accident during a Grand Prix in Italy

  • May 6: The great Channel Tunnel (or "Chunnel", as some came to call it) opens between England and France after over seven years of construction

  • June 1: The Republic of South Africa rejoins the British Commonwealth after having left it in 1961

  • June 15: Israel and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations for the first time

  • June 23: First Centennial of the International Olympic Committee

  • July 12: Allied occupation of Berlin formally concludes

  • August 31: Departure of Russian army from Latvia and Estonia marks formal conclusion of all Soviet occupation in Eastern Europe

  • September 19: Deployment of American troops in support of exiled Haitian president Jean-Bertrand Aristide

  • October 3-4: Members of the Solar Temple Cult commit mass suicide at compounds in Canada and Switzerland

  • November 5: Former U.S. President Ronald Reagan announces he has Alzheimer's Disease

  • December 14: Construction of massive Three Gorges Dam in China begins

This is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the events of 1994, however, and I'm sure we'll be hearing about a great deal more of them as the months unfold.

So: you may now discuss 1994 -- please use these powers responsibly.

83 Answers 2014-01-01

Did any remnants of Prussian culture survive World War 2?

I know that Prussia became communist Poland and east Germany after the war, but was there a significant Prussian aristocracy/culture/philosophies etc remain in post-war Germany?

5 Answers 2014-01-01

Did anyone who opposed interracial marriage claim that it would lead to homosexual marriage?

Back when interracial marriage was a contested legal issue, were there any opponents that used the "slippery slope" argument, and claimed that it could lead to legal homosexual marriage?

2 Answers 2014-01-01

What - if any - effect did the French Revolution have in the province of Quebec?

I'm aware that the answer to this question might simply be "very little or none at all". But I'm curious...It seems to me that the events and ideas of the French Revolution had a great impact on the history of Haiti, but what of the other Francophone culture in the Americas? Obviously there is a major difference in that Haiti was under French rule and Quebec under British rule, but the people of Quebec were culturally and linguistically French. Was news of the revolution widespread in Quebec? Did the revolutionary ideas have any cultural or political ramifications in Canada or was it just a passing news story?

1 Answers 2014-01-01

Fake or Real: Aztec Shell with Trial Depicted on it?

Hi Historians,

The History Girls want to know if you know anything about this shell they found in a junk shop. Was it mass-produced in a factory for tourists twenty years ago or is it something conceivably close to being a real artifact?

http://the-history-girls.blogspot.co.uk/2013/12/my-mysterious-mayan-shell-katherine.html

Pic of the shell: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RWhJ1Bkg0UM/Ujm4_KWv8kI/AAAAAAAADZ8/HoGGutTj7jM/s400/Photo0104.From the owners:

Please pass on my thanks to the site - I've tried to register and leave a message,but it won't let me. I shall only add, that even if it's a fake, I still love it! ;)

Close-up: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-e4Xc0DuKSr8/Ujm-Se5GK_I/AAAAAAAADa0/5p_4HJJcdZo/s400/Photo0103.jpg

From the owners:

Please pass on my thanks to the site - I've tried to register and leave a message,but it won't let me. I shall only add, that even if it's a fake, I still love it! ;)

4 Answers 2014-01-01

What is the story behind January 1st being designated the New Year?

Who decided it was this day and not any other day?

2 Answers 2014-01-01

What are some of the oldest, most continuously used man-made structures in history?

3 Answers 2014-01-01

Why is football not a major sport in many countries of the former British Empire?

The first few chapters of 'Inverting the Pyramid' by Jonathan Wilson discuss the spread of football (or soccer) to the rest of Europe and to South America by British emmigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

But why did football not take off in many of the countries that were British colonies at the time (e.g. India, Pakistan, Australia, NZ, West Indies) - or, at least, not to the same extent as in the two 'traditional' footballing continents? And why were other British sports like cricket and rugby exported within the empire more successfully? (Or am I understating football's relative popularity in these countries?)

2 Answers 2014-01-01

Were swords cheaper/more readily available during the roman period than the middle ages? Were the medieval swords of a higher quality?

I have often come across people on this sub saying that in the middle ages, swords were incredibly expensive and almost exclusively used by knights who could afford them - the rest of the melee infantry used spears because they were cheaper.

But swords were used all the time in the ancient world. Every legionary had one, most hoplites had a sword as a sidearm, and they were also used by "barbarians" (although the spear was more common, i've read)

Were swords more rare in the middle ages because of the lack of strong, centralized government or was iron/steel more hard to come by? Or was is there another reason?

4 Answers 2014-01-01

How did Australia end up on this map from 1570?

Just found this picture of a map with what looks to be Australia on it, despite the fact it wasn't sighted until decades later. Was it just a guess like the Terra Incognita southern continent?

6 Answers 2014-01-01

What happened to men's fashion between the American revolution and the turn of the century?

1776 seems characterized by gobs of colorful, foppish finery, perched atop spindly, stockinged legs. But by the 1800s, we seem to be fully involved in more of a steampunk look, characterized by the color black, frock coats, and long pants. I have 2 questions: 1) Was the change really as fast and complete as it seems? 2) What brought such a fast, radical, change in such a short time?

3 Answers 2014-01-01

Do we "re-date" historical events that pre-date the Gregorian Calendar?

To clarify what I'm asking: Take Christopher Columbus, for example.

Every schoolkid knows his expedition sighted land on the 12th of October, 1492. But only 90 years later, Spain and Italy changed from the Julian to Gregorian Calendar, and lost 10 days. So did Columbus actually sight land on what we would call the 12th of October? Or what he called the 12th of October at the time?

2 Answers 2014-01-01

In the tradition of New Year resolutions, what are /r/AskHistorians favorite self made men or woman in history?

1 Answers 2014-01-01

What are some great introductory biographies for Napoleon?

I asked this question in the fantastic Napoleon AMA (thanks for all the answers) but unfortunately I was too late to receive an answer.

I'm not that knowledgeable about Napoleon so would like to have some introduction on his life.

Happy 2014

2 Answers 2014-01-01

Did the US Federal Government itself own and utilize slave labor?

I want to know if there were slaves whose "owner" was the government itself instead of a private individual or group, and if so what were the similarities or differences between this and being owned by a private individual?

Thanks for your help.

2 Answers 2014-01-01

Did people really go blind by reading under candlelight or is it a myth?

This article says that its a myth. If that is so, then are the stories of famous historical figures going blind by reading under candlelight false?

1 Answers 2014-01-01

What were the top hit songs of 1914?

I'd like to hear a 100-year contrast. I wish to listen to the top-charting hits of 1914 just to hear how different they were from the top-charting hits of this year. Thanks.

2 Answers 2014-01-01

How did people celebrate the start of a new year back in the 1700s and 1800s?

I'm sitting here watching how the world celebrates the beginning of 2014 and since watching an old TV movie called "The Crossing", I wondered about this.

1 Answers 2014-01-01

It is my understanding that in 46 B.C.E Julius Caesar made January 1st the New Year. If I was a Roman Citizen, how would I be celebrating the first Modern New Year.

2 Answers 2014-01-01

Why didn't the Germans win WW I after the defeat of Russia?

They got such good terms and could move all those troops to the West, one would think it would have been a huge boost. The armistice was declared in December, 1917 I believe, so that would have allowed the movement of troops to meet the new American troops coming in.

1 Answers 2014-01-01

Why did the Democratic Republic of Congo change their name to Zaire, and why did they change it back?

1 Answers 2014-01-01

Was the Old West cliche about snake oil salesman traveling from town to town a real thing?

3 Answers 2014-01-01

Best of 2013 B.C.E.

What are the top ten things that happened in 2013 B.C.E.? (So, anywhere in the world 4000 years ago)

Edit: 4025 years ago

3 Answers 2014-01-01

Did significant political opposition to Andrew Jackson's treatment of Native Americans exist at the time?

1 Answers 2014-01-01

Are there any books on the history of history as a discourse?

Have historians written about how history has been written about? I'm specifically looking at history as a discourse from the 1700s to the present.

2 Answers 2014-01-01

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