What is the difference between Swiss Pikemen formations and Macedon Pikemen formations and tactics?

On the surface of it, and with the pictures they looks very similar as men in tight formation with very long spears (or halberds at one time for the Swiss) keep the enemy at spear point with a wall of death.

1. How are they similar?
2. How are they different?
3. Were the Swiss aware of the Macedon Phalanx or maybe to a lesser extent the Greek one, since the Greek one seems to have translated to Medieval/Renaissance warfare with shield formations.

thx

I'm helping out with one of those crowdsourcing transcription projects and I've come across a chap from Kentucky called Thomas Stanton, who joined the 15th Regiment, US Colored Infantry.

His complexion is listed as "Yellow", which I had imagined would refer to an East Asian origin, but his name suggests otherwise. A white man with jaundice wouldn't be joining the Colored Infantry, presumably?

In many movies and video games starring pirates, there are plenty of naval battles and destruction to be seen. But, in the 18th century Caribbean, what was the actual lifespan of an naval frigate? Were they often engaging in battles and destroyed, or was the reality much more calm? Were these ships lasting 10+ years, longer?

My question is: how real is this, is there evidence for it.

here is the text of the claim:

"St. Patrick born Maewyn Succat, born circa 375 AD was a Roman Brit, who completely murdered the Twa out of Ireland. The Twa (Druids) an ethnic group of small African people, wore a headpiece with a snake on it. This ethnic group is now thought to be the original inhabitants of the majority of the earth. The snake worn on their head piece(Twa also were the west African descendants of Ancient Kush and Kemet both who wore the emblem of the earth mother(snake) on their head pieces), is the meaning behind Patrick chasing the snakes out of Ireland. St. Patrick committed one of the largest genocides/mass murders of more than 200,000 Africans again ordered, sanctioned and funded by the Eastern Othodox Church by Pope Celestine I. He then taught Christianity to the land. He was sainted posthumously for the vile inhumane murderous act of slaughtering the Twa. A mere sacrifice for the spread of Christianity.The Leprechaun is our African ancestor originally from Guinea. This is the only portion about the Twa/Druids that is mainstreamed and given a false depiction as a white Irishman.The people of Guinea to this day still practice the magic of the forest healing, and making medicines from fermented brews (beers) that can cure many illnesses. The name "Guiness Stout" is a feminized brew that comes from many traditions that are brewed from "The Land of the Woman," known as Guinea, West Africa"

Here are the sources cited to support it: A Book of Beginnings by Gerald Massey The Primitive Glory of the Kymry (author unknown) Ancient and Modern Britons: A retrospective Vol. 2 Specifically the section "Magi of Ireland" The Origin Evolution of Religion (author unknown, possibly the same book as above) pg. 419, 427

I know that the french referred to the animals on the coat of arms as leopards but why would anyone think of using either of these two animals in 13th century western europe?

I was reading from ‘The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire’ and Gibbon states that “... the ingenious youth... resorted to Athens... were alike instructed in every school to reject and to despise the religion of the multitude.” In other parts of this chapter ‘Of the Union and Internal Prosperity of the Roman Empire, in the Age of the Antonines’ he also speaks on religions use to appease the masses and how the intellectual class were not necessarily believers but performed the rituals and rites to appease their fathers.

My question is, was atheism more common in antiquity than what is typically prescribed (Not just the belief of a few but rather widespread). Also is the Rise and Fall a good source and used in contemporary studies or has it fell through in certain aspects? Published in 1776 it is relatively modern.

I know that GIs typically smoked Lucky Strikes etc but, what would the average Tommy be smoking at the outbreak of War?

I was wondering with the technology of the time how long the journey from Norway to Scotland or England would be? And also how long they would stay during an average raid?

A 2 examples that i know of who did it for political reasons : The first duke of Normandy and Vladimir of Kiev. Was this the norm or were the majority of the converts true believers?

Roger I of Sicily, founder of the kingdom of sicily, is best known for securing and solidifying Norman control of Sicily. How were Muslims treated under Roger and his immediate successors following the siege of Palermo and creation of the kingdom?

I am a fan of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, I have often heard that Kongming's actual historical achievements were no where near how they are portrayed by Luo Guanzhong. I am very proud of the Sleeping Dragon and idolize the fictional Liu Bei, what were Kongming's actual greatest accomplishments as strategy is concerned?

I feel this is a particularly misunderstood period and would very much appreciate some factual historical answers to this question. Often the church is considered a bulwark against advancement, in science in particular, but also its impossible to escape that many of the artistic masterpieces of the era were religious, sponsored by the church and in general usually about christianity.

What sort of mechanism did they use to exert their will on the artistic (and educational) world and what were the main goals of the church in carrying out their will?

What role did the church have in facilitating or hindering the advancements made at the time, in Italy in particular. I understand that the renaissance is a modern idea for a long period of time that involved slow change.

I read in an article that the Nazi party grew to over 100,000 registered members by 1928 and that statistic would be invaluable for a research paper I'm writing. The problem is, I can't use the statistic if I can't find a reputable source on it, which I have been having difficulty finding. Thanks!

Surely the logical process from finding that the Earth is a sphere is -Why aren't we falling off? -Ah, falling goes towards the center of the earth -Never really thought about the force of falling and how it acts before. We should name this!

As this is the revolution, I’m not sure if there is one set one, but what was the most popular and widely used? I’m hoping to start a collection of them through all the wars. Thanks in advance gents.

Considering that the United States used nuclear weapons on Japan in August 1945, and didn't plan to deploy them against Germany because they were deemed unnecessary for Victory in Europe, it seems like there's a strong argument to be made that once Germany gave up on seriously pursuing atomic weapons research, and the US dedicated itself to producing usable nuclear weapons at any cost, that Nazi Germany was pretty much always living on borrowed time. If anything, it dodged a nuclear bullet by capitulating when it did.

Am I off base here? I'll try to steer clear of alternate history scenarios by asking more specifically - have any historians made arguments for or against this line of thinking?