I was wondering if, at the start of WWII and with Hitlers rise to power, was there groups of German-Americans who returned to their homeland to join the Nazi party and fight? If so, was that something the government was following at the time? Were there records of these people?

At the height of the war, could an American diplomat go to Germany to talk? And could a nazi diplomat talk to Washington DC? If not, when did all diplomacy halt?

And if so, was colorblindness similar to dyslexia?

There have been so many independent cultures and clans and races of humans over time, is marriage (or something practically identical) a social constant?

Tudor history has always fascinated me. But I've been left baffled by this. Why didn't the crown go to Frances Brandon, granddaughter of Henry VII of England? Did she formally abdicate? And if so, did she give a good reason why?

I've read that Frances was a manipulative and violent mother to Jane. And given her nature wouldn't she embrace the chance to be Queen of England?

One reason I can think of for her passing the crown onto Jane was because their hold on the crown was so flimsy and she didn't want to suffer potential consequences if she got overthrown by Mary I. Am I right to assume this?

Edit: I originally said that Frances Brandon was the granddaughter of Henry VIII. She's actually the granddaughter of Henry VII.

Did anything like this ever occur in pre Civil War south? If so, was it very common?

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I'm looking for a factually accurate book(s) about life during the lower middle ages. Especially "peasant" life. There are so many myths and inaccuracies out there, I don't know where to start.

Gold and silver now have practical uses in electronics as conductors, etc. but have long been sought after. Aside from their lustrous properties for jewelry and symbols of wealth, did they have any practical uses in history or are they simply nice to look at? Trading metals seems silly the more I think about it. What's the point of putting value in a silver coin if, aside from the fact that it's made of silver, it has no use?

Years ago I remember watching a documentary about a dynasty of Black Pharaohs that ruled ancient Egypt at some point in antiquity. I was very young at the time so I can't remember much. I do have a recollection that the dynasty in question was Ethiopian in origin. I'm by no means an expert in Egyptology however I've never come across mention of this dynasty since. I even worked in a small archeology museum for a while and there was no mention of it. If anyone has any information or reading recommendations to find out more about this it would be much appreciated.

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The romans enslaved, killed and conquered a lot of places, with a lot of different religions and cultures. But eventually we see most of them accepting roman language and culture. And this lead the romans to treat them 'well'.

Why did the jewish keep resisting the romans when other didn't?

There is a cultural divide in many countries - North and South England, USA etc - was there any kind of cultural divide at all between the North and South in Korea pre 1950?

I'm researching for a book that uses personal diaries/letters as a device set in the latter part of the 19th century, and I would like to get insight into the mode of writing, as well as the kinds of reflections teenagers of that time made about their parents, siblings and peers, the world etc.

I'm aware of Queen Victoria's teenage diaries, but I'm sort of looking for the perspective of a more ordinary person (though class doesn't matter).

Thanks!

I've recently been listening to a podcast about Julius Caesar, specifically his campaign in Gaul and it started me thinking about Roman cavalry.

Caesars description of his campaigns includes descriptions of charging down and killing fleeing enemies.

However my (limited) understanding is that the stirrup doesn't reach Europe until around 500AD, and Roman horse were equipped with short spears not lances and a gladius reaching only 68cm at most.

So my question is: how did these cavalry unit operate? I can't imagine them riding down infantry without stirrups and lances? Did they in effect operate as mobile infantry, ride up and dismount to fight?(I believe that was the early Roman model).